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move to bolster Europe’s fledgling lithium pipeline","amg-move-to-bolster-europes-fledgling-lithium-pipeline","article/amg-move-to-bolster-europes-fledgling-lithium-pipeline",{"_uid":557,"date":558,"tags":559,"editor":563,"content":573,"excerpt":705,"featured":50,"reporter":706,"_editable":710,"component":711,"seo_title":553,"categories":712,"visibility":718,"author_company":49,"featured_image":719,"seo_description":705,"author_full_name":49,"author_job_title":49,"formattedDate":724,"formattedArticleDate":725},"e713a091-88f7-414a-8c35-1274a1978dbd","2021-05-10 00:00",[560],{"slug":561,"name":562},"europe","Europe",[564],{"slug":565,"name":566,"content":567},"didi-bostock","Didi Bostock",{"job_title":568,"image":569,"bio":571,"linkedin":572},"Editor - Energy Transition & Economics",{"filename":570},"https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/512x512/2c5ca5c1a3/didi-bostock.jpeg","Didi is the Energy Transition & Economics Editor at Benchmark, covering a broad range of markets across the energy transition. His remit spans from downstream sectors such as BESS and EVs, through to midstream such as new technologies and battery production, to upstream critical minerals mining. He also leads on financial analysis across these supply chains, alongside in-depth policy analysis.\n","https://www.linkedin.com/in/didi-bostock-656342198/",{"type":574,"content":575},"doc",[576,583,588,593,598,603,608,613,620,625,630,635,640,645,650,655,660,665,670,675,680,685,690,695,700],{"type":577,"attrs":578,"content":579},"paragraph",{"textAlign":49},[580],{"text":581,"type":582},"AMG Lithium announced in April that it would be developing a processing plant for battery grade lithium hydroxide on the premises of Chemiepark Bitterfeld-Wolfen in Germany after the successful acquisition of a plot of land on the site.","text",{"type":577,"attrs":584,"content":585},{"textAlign":49},[586],{"text":587,"type":582},"The plant is set to be a significant producer of lithium hydroxide within Europe and may set the stage for accelerated development in the lithium industry on the continent incentivised by a rising price environment amid tightening supply.",{"type":577,"attrs":589,"content":590},{"textAlign":49},[591],{"text":592,"type":582},"AMG’s intentions to build a refinery were originally announced in November 2019, but the recent lithium price recovery, following three years of low prices, likely provided the push needed to finalise the development.",{"type":577,"attrs":594,"content":595},{"textAlign":49},[596],{"text":597,"type":582},"So far 2021 has seen prices increase rapidly across the lithium supply chain with Benchmark’s April 2021 Lithium Price Assessment tracking the global weighted average lithium hydroxide price up over 32% y-t-d. The picture is starker for lithium carbonate with domestic battery grade prices up 104% y-t-d on an EXW China basis.",{"type":577,"attrs":599,"content":600},{"textAlign":49},[601],{"text":602,"type":582},"The facility is expected to have an initial nameplate capacity of 20,000tpa, with operations scheduled to start in 2023. Additionally, there is potential at the site for expansion to a capacity of 100,000tpa in subsequent years if further modules are developed.",{"type":577,"attrs":604,"content":605},{"textAlign":49},[606],{"text":607,"type":582},"Currently, AMG operate the hard-rock Mibra mine in Brazil, with their spodumene concentrate plant which has a nameplate capacity of 90,000tpa.",{"type":577,"attrs":609,"content":610},{"textAlign":49},[611],{"text":612,"type":582},"AMG could utilise their resources at Mibra to supply the feedstock for the new hydroxide plant, which would prove beneficial as a low-cost source of feed in the ongoing and forecasted tight market environment.",{"type":614,"attrs":615,"content":617},"heading",{"level":616,"textAlign":49},4,[618],{"text":619,"type":582},"Europe’s underdeveloped lithium scene",{"type":577,"attrs":621,"content":622},{"textAlign":49},[623],{"text":624,"type":582},"Currently, Europe’s lithium chemical capacity is severely underdeveloped, with only a handful of converters across the continent operating as refineries of existing chemical material, and there are currently no active spodumene conversion plants in Europe.",{"type":577,"attrs":626,"content":627},{"textAlign":49},[628],{"text":629,"type":582},"CMP operate the JSC plant in Krasnoyarsk, Russia, which produces lithium hydroxide from carbonate and upgrades technical grade lithium carbonate to battery grade carbonate. Also in Russia, TD Halmek produce lithium hydroxide from brine feedstock at their plant in Pervomayskoe, Tula.",{"type":577,"attrs":631,"content":632},{"textAlign":49},[633],{"text":634,"type":582},"Additionally, Albemarle run the Langelsheim plant in Germany which produces chemical derivatives from lithium carbonate and Leverton’s plant in Basingstoke in the UK also produces derivatives from lithium chemicals.",{"type":577,"attrs":636,"content":637},{"textAlign":49},[638],{"text":639,"type":582},"There are multiple lithium hydroxide projects on the cards in Europe, however, it is not expected that significant production will come from these facilities until midway through the decade.",{"type":577,"attrs":641,"content":642},{"textAlign":49},[643],{"text":644,"type":582},"Benchmark forecasts that European lithium chemical supply will grow to exceed 20,000tpa LCE by 2025, but this is only set to account for 2% of expected global capacity. Comparatively, China is expected to produce over 480,000tpa LCE by 2025, while total global lithium demand is forecast to reach nearly 1.1 million tonnes LCE in the same year.",{"type":577,"attrs":646,"content":647},{"textAlign":49},[648],{"text":649,"type":582},"Further upstream, at the raw material extraction and mining stage, any major European production projects are not expected to come online for a number of years.",{"type":577,"attrs":651,"content":652},{"textAlign":49},[653],{"text":654,"type":582},"Key projects include Rio Tinto’s development at the Jadar mine in Serbia expected from 2027, with European Metal Holdings also anticipated to begin production at the Cinovec mine in the Czech Republic from 2028.",{"type":577,"attrs":656,"content":657},{"textAlign":49},[658],{"text":659,"type":582},"Multiple other mined supply sources from development projects could come online from 2025, including operations in Finland, Germany, Portugal and Spain.",{"type":577,"attrs":661,"content":662},{"textAlign":49},[663],{"text":664,"type":582},"From these players, Benchmark’s Lithium Forecast shows that mined lithium supply from Europe by 2030 will be just over 184,000tpa LCE, making up less than 10% of global capacity.",{"type":614,"attrs":666,"content":667},{"level":616,"textAlign":49},[668],{"text":669,"type":582},"Europe set to go local ",{"type":577,"attrs":671,"content":672},{"textAlign":49},[673],{"text":674,"type":582},"Benchmark’s Lithium ion Battery Megafactory Assessment forecasts that 208 megafactories will be in operation by 2030, with nearly 75% of these to be built in China and just 11% in Europe.",{"type":577,"attrs":676,"content":677},{"textAlign":49},[678],{"text":679,"type":582},"However, European end-market manufacturers are going to be increasingly required to localise their supply in order to meet standards for subsidised electric vehicle incentives.",{"type":577,"attrs":681,"content":682},{"textAlign":49},[683],{"text":684,"type":582},"Under the UK-EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement, 55% of EV parts need to be built in the UK or EU to qualify for preferential tariff rates from 2027.",{"type":577,"attrs":686,"content":687},{"textAlign":49},[688],{"text":689,"type":582},"Along the length of the electric vehicle supply chain, Europe struggles with self-sufficiency. Under current cathode production plans as assessed by Benchmark’s Cathode Market Assessment, Europe will have the capacity to supply less than 5% of its domestic cathode needs, signalling the need for significant further investment.",{"type":577,"attrs":691,"content":692},{"textAlign":49},[693],{"text":694,"type":582},"This drive towards supply localisation, coupled with a bullish price environment, provides strong fundamentals to accelerate Europe towards increased supply chain self-sufficiency.",{"type":577,"attrs":696,"content":697},{"textAlign":49},[698],{"text":699,"type":582},"Developments in Q2 2021 already acted as an indicator towards this changing picture, with British chemicals company Johnson Matthey announcing a partnership with Finnish Minerals Group to support development of a cathode plant in Finland, establishing offtake agreements with Nornickel for cobalt and nickel supply and with SQM for lithium hydroxide supply to the facility.",{"type":577,"attrs":701,"content":702},{"textAlign":49},[703],{"text":704,"type":582},"With battery demand increasing exponentially and European automakers rapidly developing electric vehicles for their fleet, supply localisation will be the key to Europe’s success.","AMG Lithium announced in April that it would be developing a processing plant for battery grade lithium hydroxide on the premises of Chemiepark Bitterfeld-Wolfen in Germany after the successful acquisition of a plot of land on the site. The plant is set to be a significant producer of lithium hydroxide within Europe and may set […]",[707],{"slug":565,"name":566,"content":708},{"job_title":568,"image":709,"bio":571,"linkedin":572},{"filename":570},"\u003C!--#storyblok#{\"name\": \"article\", \"space\": \"\", \"uid\": \"e713a091-88f7-414a-8c35-1274a1978dbd\", \"id\": \"\"}-->","article",[713,716],{"slug":714,"name":715},"critical-minerals","Critical Minerals",{"slug":717,"name":8},"lithium","private",{"id":49,"alt":720,"name":720,"focus":720,"title":720,"source":720,"filename":721,"copyright":720,"fieldtype":722,"meta_data":723,"is_external_url":51},"","https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/eba261dd74/bm-amg-chemiepark.jpg","asset",{"alt":720,"title":720,"source":720,"copyright":720},"May 10, 2021","10th May 2021",[],[],1792773934464]