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Mid-Nickel",103.5,99.73,3.78,13.78,6.78,[518,519,520,522,524,526,528,530,532,534,536,538],{"date":213,"value":512},{"date":216,"value":513},{"date":219,"value":521},99.19,{"date":222,"value":523},96.02,{"date":225,"value":525},98.23,{"date":467,"value":527},99.24,{"date":329,"value":529},101.29,{"date":339,"value":531},87.61,{"date":341,"value":533},92.44,{"date":344,"value":535},90.96,{"date":347,"value":537},92.24,{"date":350,"value":539},95.09,{"id":541,"uuid":542,"name":543,"slug":544,"full_slug":545,"content":546,"relatedArticles":706,"relatedVideos":707},112470153930452,"7984254e-f3cb-4730-8411-00be24f859da","Can renewables help clean up Indonesia’s nickel industry?","can-renewables-help-clean-up-indonesias-nickel-industry","article/can-renewables-help-clean-up-indonesias-nickel-industry",{"_uid":547,"date":548,"tags":549,"editor":556,"content":566,"excerpt":684,"featured":51,"reporter":685,"_editable":689,"component":690,"seo_title":543,"categories":691,"visibility":697,"author_company":49,"data_vis_image":698,"featured_image":701,"seo_description":684,"author_full_name":49,"author_job_title":49,"formattedDate":704,"formattedArticleDate":705},"58ca07c2-40ed-4011-ba2c-0205b4cf4799","2024-01-19 00:00",[550,553],{"slug":551,"name":552},"data-visualisation","Data Visualisation",{"slug":554,"name":555},"esg","ESG",[557],{"slug":558,"name":559,"content":560},"didi-bostock","Didi Bostock",{"job_title":561,"image":562,"bio":564,"linkedin":565},"Editor - Energy Transition & Economics",{"filename":563},"https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/512x512/2c5ca5c1a3/didi-bostock.jpeg","Didi is the Energy Transition & Economics Editor at Benchmark, covering a broad range of markets across the energy transition. His remit spans from downstream sectors such as BESS and EVs, through to midstream such as new technologies and battery production, to upstream critical minerals mining. He also leads on financial analysis across these supply chains, alongside in-depth policy analysis.\n","https://www.linkedin.com/in/didi-bostock-656342198/",{"type":567,"content":568},"doc",[569,586,591,596,601,608,619,624,629,638,643,648,653,658,669,674,679],{"type":570,"attrs":571,"content":572},"paragraph",{"textAlign":49},[573,576,584],{"text":574,"type":575},"Indonesia relies on coal for most of its electricity, but in November 2022, the country ","text",{"text":577,"type":575,"marks":578},"welcomed",[579],{"type":580,"attrs":581},"link",{"href":582,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":583},"https://source.benchmarkminerals.com/article/rich-nations-pledge-could-help-nickel-producer-indonesia-go-green","url",{"text":585,"type":575}," the Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP), aiming to raise the share of renewables in the country grid to 34% by 2030. ",{"type":570,"attrs":587,"content":588},{"textAlign":49},[589],{"text":590,"type":575},"Introduced a year later, the Comprehensive Investment and Policy Plan (CIPP) is the roadmap to achieve the JETP’s objectives, with an initial funding commitment of $20 billion, now increased to $21.6 billion. ",{"type":570,"attrs":592,"content":593},{"textAlign":49},[594],{"text":595,"type":575},"The CIPP outlines a more ambitious decarbonisation scenario than the initial JETP pledge, targeting 250 million tons of CO2 emissions for on-grid electricity by 2030, with a 44% renewable energy share and a net-zero emissions goal for the electricity sector by 2050. The official launch of CIPP is scheduled for August 2024.",{"type":570,"attrs":597,"content":598},{"textAlign":49},[599],{"text":600,"type":575},"But to what extent can renewables help reduce the carbon intensity of nickel processing in Indonesia?",{"type":602,"attrs":603,"content":605},"heading",{"level":604,"textAlign":49},4,[606],{"text":607,"type":575},"Benchmark’s nickel LCA ",{"type":570,"attrs":609,"content":610},{"textAlign":49},[611,617],{"text":612,"type":575,"marks":613},"Benchmark’s Nickel Global LCA",[614],{"type":580,"attrs":615},{"href":616,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":583},"https://www.benchmarkminerals.com/esg/nickel/reports/",{"text":618,"type":575}," analyses how increasing the share of renewables or substituting it entirely induces changes in carbon intensity for different nickel processing technologies. Presently, electricity for RKEF and HPAL projects in Indonesia is sourced from coal-fired power plants.",{"type":570,"attrs":620,"content":621},{"textAlign":49},[622],{"text":623,"type":575},"The graph below illustrates that both routes would benefit from the initial JETP that aimed for a 34% share of renewables for the country’s electricity mix by 2030 (6% and 2% carbon reduction, respectively). ",{"type":570,"attrs":625,"content":626},{"textAlign":49},[627],{"text":628,"type":575},"Because only HPAL and RKEF operations are relevant to Indonesia, the other routes are not modelled for the Indonesian context in Benchmark’s LCA.",{"type":570,"attrs":630,"content":631},{"textAlign":49},[632],{"type":633,"attrs":634},"image",{"id":49,"alt":635,"src":636,"title":49,"source":49,"copyright":49,"meta_data":637},"","https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/d7e6467c7c/bm-how-renewables-impact-nickel-production-indonesia.jpg",{},{"type":570,"attrs":639,"content":640},{"textAlign":49},[641],{"text":642,"type":575},"Arguably, achieving a 44% share of renewables would result in slightly higher carbon reductions, falling between the 34% and 100% renewables displayed in brown and yellow.",{"type":570,"attrs":644,"content":645},{"textAlign":49},[646],{"text":647,"type":575},"In both cases, despite a reduction in emissions, RKEF remains the most carbon-intensive technology. According to Benchmark’s analysis, even using 100% renewable energy, which represents a 40% carbon reduction from business-as-usual, RKEF is still the second most emission intensive process after the Caron route. ",{"type":570,"attrs":649,"content":650},{"textAlign":49},[651],{"text":652,"type":575},"It is caused by the direct emissions and embedded emissions from reagents production and distribution, which cannot be compensated with alternative energy sources.",{"type":570,"attrs":654,"content":655},{"textAlign":49},[656],{"text":657,"type":575},"Additionally, Benchmark Global LCA’s results showcase the importance of considering trade-offs between different environmental impacts when comparing different routes.",{"type":570,"attrs":659,"content":660},{"textAlign":49},[661,667],{"text":662,"type":575,"marks":663},"Nature risks for example, are less monitored by companies than GHG emissions",[664],{"type":580,"attrs":665},{"href":666,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":583},"https://source.benchmarkminerals.com/article/the-ecological-costs-of-indonesian-nickel",{"text":668,"type":575},". ",{"type":570,"attrs":670,"content":671},{"textAlign":49},[672],{"text":673,"type":575},"For example, the HPAL has the highest water consumption, soil acidification and particulate matter formation impacts amongst all processing routes, despite its lower carbon footprint.",{"type":570,"attrs":675,"content":676},{"textAlign":49},[677],{"text":678,"type":575},"While the increase of the renewable energy target to 44% by the CIPP is a notable improvement that will help to decarbonise the sector, battery producers and OEMs must understand and seek to minimise the embedded emissions of battery manufacturing. ",{"type":570,"attrs":680,"content":681},{"textAlign":49},[682],{"text":683,"type":575},"Beyond emissions, meaningful improvement of the environmental impacts of the nickel industry requires monitoring to minimise nature risks.","Indonesia relies on coal for most of its electricity, but in November 2022, the country welcomed the Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP), aiming to raise the share of renewables in the country grid to 34% by 2030. Introduced a year later, the Comprehensive Investment and Policy Plan (CIPP) is the roadmap to achieve the JETP’s […]",[686],{"slug":558,"name":559,"content":687},{"job_title":561,"image":688,"bio":564,"linkedin":565},{"filename":563},"\u003C!--#storyblok#{\"name\": \"article\", \"space\": \"\", \"uid\": \"58ca07c2-40ed-4011-ba2c-0205b4cf4799\", \"id\": \"\"}-->","article",[692,694],{"slug":693,"name":150},"nickel",{"slug":695,"name":696},"sustainability","Sustainability","private",{"id":49,"alt":635,"name":635,"focus":635,"title":635,"source":635,"filename":636,"copyright":635,"fieldtype":699,"meta_data":700,"is_external_url":51},"asset",{"alt":635,"title":635,"source":635,"copyright":635},{"id":49,"alt":635,"name":635,"focus":635,"title":635,"source":635,"filename":702,"copyright":635,"fieldtype":699,"meta_data":703,"is_external_url":51},"https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/0088effcc6/bm-nickel-smelter1.jpg",{"alt":635,"title":635,"source":635,"copyright":635},"Jan 19, 2024","19th January 2024",[],[],1780500955507]