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Conflicted","cobalt-conflicted","article/cobalt-conflicted",{"_uid":557,"date":558,"tags":559,"editor":560,"content":570,"excerpt":970,"featured":50,"reporter":971,"_editable":975,"component":976,"seo_title":553,"categories":977,"visibility":986,"author_company":49,"featured_image":987,"seo_description":970,"author_full_name":49,"author_job_title":49,"formattedDate":992,"formattedArticleDate":993},"d9257178-f485-4e77-abab-b1306838f67a","2017-04-19 00:00",[],[561],{"slug":562,"name":563,"content":564},"matthew-bird","Matthew Bird",{"job_title":565,"image":566,"bio":568,"linkedin":569},"Senior Editor - Supply Chains & Data Visualisation",{"filename":567},"https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/512x512/14738033ec/matthew-bird.jpeg","Matthew writes, edits and produces content for Benchmark Intelligence and Benchmark Source across the whole mine to grid supply chain. He also acts as a liaison to the press. He has a PhD in electrochemistry from the University of Nottingham.","https://www.linkedin.com/in/birdmatthew/",{"type":571,"content":572},"doc",[573,580,585,590,595,598,603,608,613,618,623,628,635,640,645,650,655,660,665,670,675,678,683,688,693,698,703,708,713,718,723,728,731,736,741,745,750,755,760,765,770,775,780,785,790,793,798,803,808,813,818,823,828,833,838,843,848,853,858,863,866,871,876,881,886,891,896,901,906,911,916,921,926,931,936,941,946,951,954],{"type":574,"attrs":575,"content":576},"paragraph",{"textAlign":49},[577],{"text":578,"type":579},"All eyes on cobalt: Well documented illegal mining practices and political unrest have once again thrust the DRC’s cobalt production into the spotlight. Here, Caspar Rawles outlines how the supply chain has reacted to this growing scrutiny and examines the potential for new supply from other nations","text",{"type":574,"attrs":581,"content":582},{"textAlign":49},[583],{"text":584,"type":579},"In 2016, cobalt proved to be one of the most controversial topics in the speciality minerals space. Reports from Amnesty International and articles in the Washington Post reminded the world of the illegal (or artisanal) mining issues that the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has to deal with.",{"type":574,"attrs":586,"content":587},{"textAlign":49},[588],{"text":589,"type":579},"Whilst supply from these sources is estimated to account for up to 10% of global cobalt supply, the risk of being associated with this (and the subsequent human rights abuses that often emerge) has changed the way the consumption of minerals from the African nation is viewed.",{"type":574,"attrs":591,"content":592},{"textAlign":49},[593],{"text":594,"type":579},"The cobalt industry is now seeing intense pressure from end users of lithium ion batteries such as Google, Apple, and Tesla rather than the immediate buyers of cobalt chemicals – the cathode manufacturers. November saw the launch of the Responsible Cobalt Initiative, headed by the Chinese Chamber of Commerce for Metals, Minerals & Chemicals (CCCMC) with support from the OECD.",{"type":574,"attrs":596,"content":597},{"textAlign":49},[],{"type":574,"attrs":599,"content":600},{"textAlign":49},[601],{"text":602,"type":579},"The initiative, supported by the likes of Apple, Samsung SDI, Sony Corp among several other key industry players aims to implement better labour practices and supply chain transparency in the DRC.",{"type":574,"attrs":604,"content":605},{"textAlign":49},[606],{"text":607,"type":579},"While a positive statement for change in the country, the extremely fragmented nature of cobalt production in the region makes this a difficult task. With the DRC accounting for 59% of global cobalt supply there is pressure on the cobalt industry to not only help the country reduce its illegal mining problems but also develop new sources elsewhere in the world.",{"type":574,"attrs":609,"content":610},{"textAlign":49},[611],{"text":612,"type":579},"Today, no other nation outside the DRC produces more than 10% of the world’s cobalt concentrate. The DRC’s high-grade resources of cobalt bearing minerals dictate that supplies must continue to come from the country. But as pressures from market and external forces grow, some companies will inevitably look to secure supply from other regions with more transparent operating practices.",{"type":574,"attrs":614,"content":615},{"textAlign":49},[616],{"text":617,"type":579},"As a speciality mineral rather than a commodity, cobalt has a long and complex supply chain throughout which material is mined, refined and often further processed into a chemical compound for multiple applications, most notably lithium ion battery cathodes that power our consumer electronics and electric vehicles. In 2016, the supply of refined cobalt globally was around 95,000 tonnes, of which the battery sector accounted for almost 50% (up from around 25% in 2010).",{"type":574,"attrs":619,"content":620},{"textAlign":49},[621],{"text":622,"type":579},"The expected growth of the energy storage market out to 2020 is going to be vast pushing this figure ever-higher. Benchmark is following 14 megafactories (battery producing facilities greater than 1GWh) which are under construction, with the largest single facility being Tesla’s gigafactory in the US but the majority of the increased capacity coming from China.",{"type":574,"attrs":624,"content":625},{"textAlign":49},[626],{"text":627,"type":579},"This level of investment will force fundamental change in battery raw material supply chains, in particular for critical minerals like cobalt. Here, Benchmark looks at the projects aiming to challenge the DRC’s supply dominance and help to build a sustainable supply of cobalt to the growing energy storage market.",{"type":629,"attrs":630,"content":632},"heading",{"level":631,"textAlign":49},3,[633],{"text":634,"type":579},"Australia",{"type":574,"attrs":636,"content":637},{"textAlign":49},[638],{"text":639,"type":579},"Australia currently produces cobalt from nickel laterite ore from the Glencore-owned Murrin Murrin project in Western Australia. In addition, First Quantum (former BHP Billiton) have a nickel-cobalt project, Ravensthorpe, located in south-western Western Australia. Second only to Canada in cobalt exploration outside of the DRC, the country boasts a number of projects.",{"type":629,"attrs":641,"content":642},{"level":631,"textAlign":49},[643],{"text":644,"type":579},"Broken Hill Prospecting Limited/Cobalt Blue (ASX:BPL/ASX:COB)",{"type":574,"attrs":646,"content":647},{"textAlign":49},[648],{"text":649,"type":579},"In August 2016 Broken Hill Prospecting and Cobalt Blue entered into an agreement over the Thackaringa Cobalt Project located in New South Wales, approximately 23km West of Broken Hill. Under the agreement Cobalt Blue acquired a 51% stake in the project with increased beneficial ownership gained under a standard earn in agreement, which includes the option of 100% beneficial ownership.",{"type":574,"attrs":651,"content":652},{"textAlign":49},[653],{"text":654,"type":579},"The region has historically hosted silver, lead and zinc ores dating back to small scale mining from the 1880s. Inferred resources at the project, which include estimates from historical drilling, are 16.4Mt @ 1.83lb/t (831ppm) Co at Pyrite Hill and 14.9Mt @ 1.83lb/t (831 ppm) Co at the Railway prospect with a further 4.4 Mt @ 2.00 lb/t (910 ppm) at Big Hill.",{"type":574,"attrs":656,"content":657},{"textAlign":49},[658],{"text":659,"type":579},"It must be noted that these estimates are not JORC 2012 compliant but meet JORC 2004 standards (a JORC 2012 revision of the data is due out very late December 2016) Early estimates are targeting an average annual production of 4,000 tonnes over a 20 year mine life.",{"type":629,"attrs":661,"content":662},{"level":631,"textAlign":49},[663],{"text":664,"type":579},"Cleanteq (ASX:CLQ)",{"type":574,"attrs":666,"content":667},{"textAlign":49},[668],{"text":669,"type":579},"The Syerston project is located 4km from the town of Fifield, New South Wales, Australia. The laterite system in the area contains nickelcobalt- scandium, the PFS completed by Cleanteq has been to develop the nickel and cobalt resource at Syerston, although it does contain significant quantities of scandium, the PFS base case assumes no scandium revenue as this market is considered to still be developing.",{"type":574,"attrs":671,"content":672},{"textAlign":49},[673],{"text":674,"type":579},"The PFS study that was completed to JORC 2012 standard shows measured, indicated and inferred resources totalling 700,00 tonnes nickel at 0.65% and 114,000 tonnes cobalt at 0.10%.",{"type":574,"attrs":676,"content":677},{"textAlign":49},[],{"type":574,"attrs":679,"content":680},{"textAlign":49},[681],{"text":682,"type":579},"A full feasibility study is now underway which will include bulk sample testing of ore from Syerston using Cleanteqs own Resin-In- Pulp (RIP) proprietary technology with a view to produce high grade nickel sulphate and cobalt sulphate to directly supply the cathode market.",{"type":574,"attrs":684,"content":685},{"textAlign":49},[686],{"text":687,"type":579},"Construction of the mine is expected to take 3 years, with the feasibility study due in Q4 2017 first production from the Syerston project would not be expected before late 2020. Funding required for the project stands at $680 million USD, with a mine life of 39 years.",{"type":574,"attrs":689,"content":690},{"textAlign":49},[691],{"text":692,"type":579},"Average annual production for the initial 20 years of the mine life of contained cobalt in cobalt sulphate is 3,200 tonnes/yr and of contained nickel in nickel sulphate is 18,700 tonnes/yr based around a throughput rate of 2.5 million tonnes/yr.",{"type":629,"attrs":694,"content":695},{"level":631,"textAlign":49},[696],{"text":697,"type":579},"Cobalt X – Private",{"type":574,"attrs":699,"content":700},{"textAlign":49},[701],{"text":702,"type":579},"Cobalt X is a cobalt-copper exploration company with projects located in Queensland, Australia. While at an early stage, they have acquired a stockpile of cobalt material, with a view to use cash generated from the stockpile to fund a drilling exploration project on their other tenements.",{"type":574,"attrs":704,"content":705},{"textAlign":49},[706],{"text":707,"type":579},"The Stockpiles are in Mt Cobalt region, left behind from previous mining activity from 1920-1934, historical data shows average ore grades from the mine \u003C3%. Historic mining was halted due to lack of water. Mt Gordon Mine area 1 and 2 north-western Queensland, copper-cobalt tenements which share the same host sediments as copper producing mines in the area.",{"type":574,"attrs":709,"content":710},{"textAlign":49},[711],{"text":712,"type":579},"Success Mine area 1 and 2 copper-cobalt mineralisation present, the success mine historically produced copper and cobalt. Mount Cobalt East tenement copper project, awaiting further work to confirm presence of cobalt.",{"type":629,"attrs":714,"content":715},{"level":631,"textAlign":49},[716],{"text":717,"type":579},"Corazon Mining Limited (ASX:CZN)",{"type":574,"attrs":719,"content":720},{"textAlign":49},[721],{"text":722,"type":579},"Corazon mining has the right to earn 80% of the Mount Gilmore Project (from Providence Gold and Minerals Pty Ltd) which is located in North-eastern NSW, Australia – 35km NW from Grafton.",{"type":574,"attrs":724,"content":725},{"textAlign":49},[726],{"text":727,"type":579},"The initial focus of Corazon will be Cobalt Ridge, a cobalt-copper-gold deposit, which has some very small scale historical shallow mines dating back to the late 1880’s. There are a number of other areas of interest within the prospect but work is still in the early stages. Assay results of recent drilling show zones within the drill holes ranging from 0.23% -1.48% cobalt and 0.02%-2.01% copper but significant work is needed to produce resource estimates.",{"type":574,"attrs":729,"content":730},{"textAlign":49},[],{"type":629,"attrs":732,"content":733},{"level":631,"textAlign":49},[734],{"text":735,"type":579},"Canada",{"type":574,"attrs":737,"content":738},{"textAlign":49},[739],{"text":740,"type":579},"Canada already has a history of cobalt production most notably from the likes of Vale and Glencore in the Sudbury basin about 400km north of Toronto. Sudbury is well known for its nickel production but the area is also associated with copper. Canada is in the top three global cobalt producers and has the potential to expand its output with new cobalt provinces in development.",{"type":629,"attrs":742,"content":743},{"level":631,"textAlign":49},[744],{"text":717,"type":579},{"type":574,"attrs":746,"content":747},{"textAlign":49},[748],{"text":749,"type":579},"In addition to it’s Australian prospect, Corazon also have the Lynn Lake project, located in North-Western Manitoba, Canada.",{"type":574,"attrs":751,"content":752},{"textAlign":49},[753],{"text":754,"type":579},"A brownfields nickel-copper-cobalt project, this is very early stage however historically the region produced nickel and copper over a 23 year period.",{"type":629,"attrs":756,"content":757},{"level":631,"textAlign":49},[758],{"text":759,"type":579},"Cruz Captial (TSX.V:CUZ)",{"type":574,"attrs":761,"content":762},{"textAlign":49},[763],{"text":764,"type":579},"Cruz Capital has acquired a number of high grade cobalt prospects in 2016 with a view to develop its highest priority target later in 2017. Subsequently the company is managing a number of prospects all at a very early stage.",{"type":574,"attrs":766,"content":767},{"textAlign":49},[768],{"text":769,"type":579},"Coleman Cobalt Project, located in Kirkland Lake Mining District, Ontario, approximately making up 900 contiguous acres. Historically the area has assayed up to 13% cobalt and is associated with silver. Drill targets are to be defined in 2017.",{"type":574,"attrs":771,"content":772},{"textAlign":49},[773],{"text":774,"type":579},"Hector Cobalt Project, located in Larder Lake Mining district, Ontario, comprising 5500 contiguous acres. Historically includes a cobalt producing mine and is also associated with silver. The past mine data needs to be proven to modern standards which is planned for 2017.",{"type":574,"attrs":776,"content":777},{"textAlign":49},[778],{"text":779,"type":579},"Bucke Cobalt Project, located in Kirkland Lake Mining District, Ontario, approximately 1500 contiguous acres. Assays have shown 13% cobalt and 240g/t of silver (based on Province of Ontario Mineral files) but this need to be confirmed which is planned for 2017.",{"type":574,"attrs":781,"content":782},{"textAlign":49},[783],{"text":784,"type":579},"Johnson Cobalt project, Larder Lake Mining District, Ontario made up of 900 contiguous acres. Some historic assays of vein structures returned results of 10.5% cobalt, 69 g/t silver, 12% Nickel and 0.4% copper, the data needs to be proven to modern standards, which is expected to commence in 2017.",{"type":574,"attrs":786,"content":787},{"textAlign":49},[788],{"text":789,"type":579},"War Eagle Cobalt Project, a past producer – Fort Steele mining division, located in British Columbia, approximately 1750 contiguous acres. Last assays of surface material showed 6.41% cobalt, 3.59% nickel and 7.25% copper.",{"type":574,"attrs":791,"content":792},{"textAlign":49},[],{"type":629,"attrs":794,"content":795},{"level":631,"textAlign":49},[796],{"text":797,"type":579},"Fortune Minerals Ltd. (TSX:FT)",{"type":574,"attrs":799,"content":800},{"textAlign":49},[801],{"text":802,"type":579},"Fortune have a 100% stake hold in the NICO cobalt-gold-bismuth-copper project in Canada’s Northwest Territories, about 160km from Yellowknife. In addition to this Fortune have a hydrometallurgical refinery further south located 27km outside Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.",{"type":574,"attrs":804,"content":805},{"textAlign":49},[806],{"text":807,"type":579},"The NICO deposit contains open pit and underground Proven and Probable Mineral Reserves totalling 33 million tonnes containing 82.3 million pounds of cobalt, (37500t 0.11% Co), 1.11 million ounces of gold (1.03 g/t Au), 102.1 million pounds of bismuth, (46500t 0.14% Bi), and 27 million pounds of copper, (12000t 0.04% Cu). With a planned throughput rate of 4650 tonnes of ore per day, the reserves will sustain the project for 21 years.",{"type":574,"attrs":809,"content":810},{"textAlign":49},[811],{"text":812,"type":579},"Average annual production would equate to 1,615 tonnes of cobalt contained in cobalt sulphate heptahydrate, 41,360 ounces of gold, 1,750 tonnes of bismuth contained in ingots, needles and oxide, and 265 tonnes of copper (cement or sulphate).",{"type":574,"attrs":814,"content":815},{"textAlign":49},[816],{"text":817,"type":579},"Fortune is one of the few near term cobalt projects, with $116million CAD (~$87 million USD) invested, the feasibility study has been completed and the major mine permits are in place. To reach production $600million CAD ($450million USD) of project financing is required with a 2-2.5 year construction period.",{"type":629,"attrs":819,"content":820},{"level":631,"textAlign":49},[821],{"text":822,"type":579},"Global Energy Metals Corp. – Private",{"type":574,"attrs":824,"content":825},{"textAlign":49},[826],{"text":827,"type":579},"The Werner Lake Cobalt Project is located in the Kenora Mining District, Northwestern Ontario near the Ontario/Manitoba border.",{"type":574,"attrs":829,"content":830},{"textAlign":49},[831],{"text":832,"type":579},"The mineralisation found at the project is cobalt-copper-gold. Historical resource estimates **show proven reserves at 140,031 Tonnes at 0.47% Co, 0.26% Cu, 0.008opt Au, probable Reserves of 40,829 Tonnes at 0.25% Co, 0.43% Cu, 0.030 opt Au and Indicated Resources of 180,860 Tonnes at 0.13% Co, 0.20 Cu, 0.003 opt Au.",{"type":574,"attrs":834,"content":835},{"textAlign":49},[836],{"text":837,"type":579},"The site was used to mine cobalt between 1932 and 1944 (with an average grade of 2.2%Co) during World War 2. Whilst significant historical test work has been completed on the site, including a historical pre-feasibility study, metallurgical tests and underground development work, GEMC is in the process of finalising a NI 43-101 compliant Resource Report which is due to be released in early 2017.",{"type":629,"attrs":839,"content":840},{"level":631,"textAlign":49},[841],{"text":842,"type":579},"Green Swan Capital (TSX.V: GSW)",{"type":574,"attrs":844,"content":845},{"textAlign":49},[846],{"text":847,"type":579},"The Copper Prince project is located in Sudbury basin, Ontario. An area well known for its cobalt production (Vale and Glencore). A drill program has been undertaken by Green Swan focusing on the area known as Ed’s Watering Hole in the south of the prospect with assay results due out imminently.",{"type":574,"attrs":849,"content":850},{"textAlign":49},[851],{"text":852,"type":579},"The area has historically been associated with cobalt, nickel and gold. Green Swans early assays have peaked at 4.5% cobalt and 44g/t gold, although these are not representative samples over the whole resource.",{"type":574,"attrs":854,"content":855},{"textAlign":49},[856],{"text":857,"type":579},"The project is in its early stages but notably in its favour is significant local mining infrastructure from ongoing cobalt operations in the region (Glencore’s main smelter is located in the area). Furthermore, the project is located on patented lands (not crown lands) reducing permitting/paperwork requirements. Green swan plans to complete a second drill program in spring 2017 followed by bulk sample testing in the summer.",{"type":629,"attrs":859,"content":860},{"level":631,"textAlign":49},[861],{"text":862,"type":579},"Kings Bay (TSX.V: KBG)",{"type":574,"attrs":864,"content":865},{"textAlign":49},[],{"type":574,"attrs":867,"content":868},{"textAlign":49},[869],{"text":870,"type":579},"The Trans Labrador Highway adjacent to the Kings Bay’s Lynx Lake prospect in Canada",{"type":574,"attrs":872,"content":873},{"textAlign":49},[874],{"text":875,"type":579},"Kings Bay have acquired a 100% interest in the Lynx Lake Cobalt Prospect 100km southeast of Happy-Valley, Goose Bay, Newfoundland and Labrador. The area has been opened up to exploration since the construction of the Trans Labrador Highway, which runs adjacent to the property.",{"type":574,"attrs":877,"content":878},{"textAlign":49},[879],{"text":880,"type":579},"Assays (2012 and 2014) carried out by prospectors in the area found copper-cobaltnickel- silver in the area with preliminary grab samples yielding up to 1.39% copper, 0.94% cobalt, 0.21% Nickel and 6.5g/t silver. NI 43-101 compliant data is due to be released soon. Furthermore, an airborne geophysical survey is to be undertaken to identify drill targets for a program in early 2017.",{"type":629,"attrs":882,"content":883},{"level":631,"textAlign":49},[884],{"text":885,"type":579},"LiCo Energy Metals (TSX.V: LiC)",{"type":574,"attrs":887,"content":888},{"textAlign":49},[889],{"text":890,"type":579},"The Teledyne Cobalt project is located 6km from the town of Cobalt, in the district of Temiskaming, Ontario. The project was purchased under 100% option and 2% net smelter royalties from Palisade Resources.",{"type":574,"attrs":892,"content":893},{"textAlign":49},[894],{"text":895,"type":579},"The prospect has undergone a historic (1979-1980) drill program by previous owners which shows a resource of approximately 100,000 tonnes at 0.45% cobalt, 0.25% nickel and 3oz/ton of silver (not NI 43-101 comliant measurement). The area has historic cobalt and silver production dating back to 1903 with data showing 14,000 tonnes of cobalt and 18,000 tonnes of silver produced.",{"type":574,"attrs":897,"content":898},{"textAlign":49},[899],{"text":900,"type":579},"On the 7th December 2016 LiCo commenced its own exploration programme – a geophysical survey to cover previously unexplored ground on the prospect. This will be followed up with a diamond drill program planned to commence in 2017.",{"type":629,"attrs":902,"content":903},{"level":631,"textAlign":49},[904],{"text":905,"type":579},"USA",{"type":574,"attrs":907,"content":908},{"textAlign":49},[909],{"text":910,"type":579},"A nation late to the cobalt mining party – the USA at this time has no cobalt producing projects despite being a large consumer. A number of prospects have been located, largely in the north of the country, but there is still some work to be done.",{"type":629,"attrs":912,"content":913},{"level":631,"textAlign":49},[914],{"text":915,"type":579},"Cruz Capital TSX.V:CUZ",{"type":574,"attrs":917,"content":918},{"textAlign":49},[919],{"text":920,"type":579},"In addition to their Canadian prospects Cruz also have the Idaho Star Cobalt Project in the US. The tenement includes an old mine that historically produced copper, zinc, gold and silver.",{"type":574,"attrs":922,"content":923},{"textAlign":49},[924],{"text":925,"type":579},"The old mine has 6 adits to be tested and has shown elevated arsenic level (up to 0.245%) under adit 1 which may indicte the presence of arsenopyrite which can be found to contain cobalt. Work on this is to be done in 2017.",{"type":629,"attrs":927,"content":928},{"level":631,"textAlign":49},[929],{"text":930,"type":579},"eCobalt (TSX:ECS)",{"type":574,"attrs":932,"content":933},{"textAlign":49},[934],{"text":935,"type":579},"eCobalt (formally known as Formation Metals) has the Idaho Cobalt Project located in Lemhi County Idaho. Alongside hosting cobalt the geology also contains copper and gold in Precambrian metasediments.",{"type":574,"attrs":937,"content":938},{"textAlign":49},[939],{"text":940,"type":579},"The resource contains 38,583,000 lbs Cobalt (17500 MT), 51,962,000 lbs Copper (23500 MT) and 57,700 oz gold. One of the projects further down the line of development with $110 million USD already spent (and the only near term, environmentally permitted project in the US) a feasibility study is expected in the first quarter of 2017.",{"type":574,"attrs":942,"content":943},{"textAlign":49},[944],{"text":945,"type":579},"The project not only includes the mine but also a refinery (to be located in southern Idaho) to upgrade the concentrate to value added products, in the form of cobalt sulphate for the battery market. The weighted average annual production of the mine under current plans is as follows, Contained cobalt (at 20.9%) in cobalt heptahydrate: 2722493 lbs (1250t), gold: 2868oz, Magnesium sulphate 34393958 lbs (15500t) and copper concentrate 1799816 lbs (800t).",{"type":574,"attrs":947,"content":948},{"textAlign":49},[949],{"text":950,"type":579},"With all necessary approvals required for construction and a fully approved Plan of Operations the project requires funding to the tune of $147 million USD (this figure is subject to change with the release of the feasibility study in Q1 2017). Once financed the project is expected to take 21 months to full production with a 12.5 year mine life.",{"type":574,"attrs":952,"content":953},{"textAlign":49},[],{"type":574,"attrs":955,"content":956},{"textAlign":49},[957,962],{"text":958,"type":579,"marks":959},"For a full size image please download here",[960],{"type":961},"italic",{"text":963,"type":579,"marks":964},"\n\tCobalt Conflicted Table\t(4 downloads\t)\n",[965],{"type":966,"attrs":967},"link",{"href":968,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":969},"https://wp-admin.benchmarkminerals.com/download/1905/?tmstv=1763659308","url","All eyes on cobalt: Well documented illegal mining practices and political unrest have once again thrust the DRC’s cobalt production into the spotlight. Here, Caspar Rawles outlines how the supply chain has reacted to this growing scrutiny and examines the potential for new supply from other nations In 2016, cobalt proved to be one of […]",[972],{"slug":562,"name":563,"content":973},{"job_title":565,"image":974,"bio":568,"linkedin":569},{"filename":567},"\u003C!--#storyblok#{\"name\": \"article\", \"space\": \"\", \"uid\": \"d9257178-f485-4e77-abab-b1306838f67a\", \"id\": \"\"}-->","article",[978,981,983],{"slug":979,"name":980},"batteries","Batteries",{"slug":982,"name":115},"cobalt",{"slug":984,"name":985},"critical-minerals","Critical Minerals","private",{"id":49,"alt":988,"name":988,"focus":988,"title":988,"source":988,"filename":989,"copyright":988,"fieldtype":990,"meta_data":991,"is_external_url":51},"","https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/07fc68d20c/bm-screen-shot-2017-02-06-at-161026.png","asset",{"alt":988,"title":988,"source":988,"copyright":988},"Apr 19, 2017","19th April 2017",[],[],1792773945950]