[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":867},["ShallowReactive",2],{"story-article/cobalt-dominance-lithium-growth-graphite-heavyweight-africa-regional-spotlight":3,"ticker-data":338},{"id":4,"uuid":5,"name":6,"slug":7,"full_slug":8,"content":9,"relatedArticles":336,"relatedVideos":337},212859914846895,"9fdec665-6d59-4eba-b2b2-712e2dc1c736","Cobalt dominance, lithium growth, graphite heavyweight: Africa Regional Spotlight","cobalt-dominance-lithium-growth-graphite-heavyweight-africa-regional-spotlight","article/cobalt-dominance-lithium-growth-graphite-heavyweight-africa-regional-spotlight",{"_uid":10,"date":11,"tags":12,"editor":37,"content":47,"excerpt":264,"featured":265,"reporter":266,"component":276,"seo_title":277,"categories":278,"visibility":324,"data_vis_image":325,"featured_image":330,"seo_description":57,"side_panel_banner":100,"formattedDate":334,"formattedArticleDate":335},"897852f8-f68f-4979-8ba4-259541bbd924","2026-08-25 00:00",[13,16,19,22,25,28,31,34],{"slug":14,"name":15},"africa","Africa",{"slug":17,"name":18},"drc","DRC",{"slug":20,"name":21},"mozambique","Mozambique",{"slug":23,"name":24},"zimbabwe","Zimbabwe",{"slug":26,"name":27},"mali","Mali",{"slug":29,"name":30},"zambia","Zambia",{"slug":32,"name":33},"morocco","Morocco",{"slug":35,"name":36},"data-visualisation","Data Visualisation",[38],{"slug":39,"name":40,"content":41},"matthew-bird","Matthew Bird",{"job_title":42,"image":43,"bio":45,"linkedin":46},"Senior Editor - Supply Chains & Data Visualisation",{"filename":44},"https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/512x512/14738033ec/matthew-bird.jpeg","Matthew writes, edits and produces content for Benchmark Intelligence and Benchmark Source across the whole mine to grid supply chain. He also acts as a liaison to the press. He has a PhD in electrochemistry from the University of Nottingham.","https://www.linkedin.com/in/birdmatthew/",{"type":48,"attrs":49,"content":51},"doc",{"backgroundColor":50},null,[52,59,76,90,102,125,130,135,141,151,174,197,202,208,214,220,226,232,238,243,249,254,259],{"type":53,"attrs":54,"content":55},"paragraph",{"textAlign":50},[56],{"text":57,"type":58},"Africa is a key mining destination for a range of critical minerals across the energy transition supply chain. However, the majority of these minerals are exported for processing outside of the region.","text",{"type":53,"attrs":60,"content":61},{"textAlign":50},[62,64,74],{"text":63,"type":58},"Most notably, Africa is the largest source of mined cobalt, where the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), the subject of a ",{"text":65,"type":58,"marks":66},"previous Regional Spotlight",[67],{"type":68,"attrs":69},"link",{"href":70,"uuid":71,"anchor":50,"target":72,"linktype":73},"/article/cobalt-copper-and-controls-drc-regional-spotlight","23058151-3c90-4933-a151-d618baff03e1","_blank","story",{"text":75,"type":58},", is the world’s leading supplier. The continent also leads global supply of mined manganese ore; it was responsible for three quarters of this in 2025.",{"type":53,"attrs":77,"content":78},{"textAlign":50},[79,81,88],{"text":80,"type":58},"In the minerals where it is not the leading region, it has also made significant inroads. Lithium supply from the continent is growing, particularly as new mining projects have come online in Zimbabwe, and it supplied 17% of global mined supply in 2025, up from 1% as recently as 2021. There has been turbulence in lithium supply from the region in recent times, not least a ban on lithium concentrate exports from Zimbabwe scheduled for early 2027, a subject which dominated at the recent Zimbabwe Chamber of Mines’ Annual Mining Conference, where ",{"text":82,"type":58,"marks":83},"Benchmark analyst Luc Braun spoke",[84],{"type":68,"attrs":85},{"href":86,"uuid":87,"anchor":50,"target":72,"linktype":73},"/article/view-from-the-ground-january-concentrate-export-ban-deadline-looms-over-zimbabwe-s-2026-annual-mining-conference","91e719cc-a503-4ac1-8b3e-1aa469e762f1",{"text":89,"type":58}," on direction of the sector.",{"type":91,"attrs":92},"blok",{"id":93,"body":94},"6c3554c6-3b5b-4d93-9e29-b674beecbb46",[95],{"id":96,"_uid":97,"type":98,"component":99,"fixed_height":100,"use_fixed_height":101,"fixed_height_mobile":100,"fixed_height_tablet":100},"30057761","i-0fb6c8b7-b04e-4a92-97ea-79f22012cbdf","visualisation","ContentFlourish","",false,{"type":53,"attrs":103,"content":104},{"textAlign":50},[105,107,114,116,123],{"text":106,"type":58},"The DRC is the largest copper ",{"text":108,"type":58,"marks":109},"miner of copper",[110],{"type":68,"attrs":111},{"href":112,"uuid":113,"anchor":50,"target":72,"linktype":73},"/article/copper-supply-expansion-since-2010-offers-reassurance-on-market-tightness-concerns","bf91f239-bb5e-4896-b276-5510df623bb6",{"text":115,"type":58}," on the continent, supplying 3,400kt in 2025, with its significant cobalt output a byproduct of its copper operations. Zambia also ",{"text":117,"type":58,"marks":118},"supplies significant quantities of mined copper",[119],{"type":68,"attrs":120},{"href":121,"uuid":122,"anchor":50,"target":72,"linktype":73},"/article/hichilema-re-election-expected-to-preserve-zambia-s-copper-policy-continuity","2b56b57a-6863-40e3-b380-8e8e80b04cad",{"text":124,"type":58}," – ~800kt in 2025 – from its Copperbelt Province.",{"type":53,"attrs":126,"content":127},{"textAlign":50},[128],{"text":129,"type":58},"The continent is also the second largest miner of natural flake graphite after China, supplying 245kt in 2025 compared with China’s 978kt. It has active flake graphite mines across Madagascar, Tanzania and Mozambique, with projects expected to come online in other nations, including Uganda and Namibia. There is significant growth projected for African flake graphite supply, which Benchmark expects to reach 1,118kt by 2035.",{"type":53,"attrs":131,"content":132},{"textAlign":50},[133],{"text":134,"type":58},"Several national governments have pursued controls on exports in an effort to capture more of the value of their country’s output, including both the DRC and Zimbabwe. Governments, among them that of Mali, have taken stakes in major projects or instituting rules requiring companies to sell stakes to the government.",{"type":91,"attrs":136},{"id":93,"body":137},[138],{"id":139,"_uid":140,"type":98,"component":99,"fixed_height":100,"use_fixed_height":101,"fixed_height_mobile":100,"fixed_height_tablet":100},"30058185","i-d5718467-bcab-41b8-bf5e-89f4fc7f4ba4",{"type":142,"attrs":143,"content":145},"heading",{"level":144,"textAlign":50},2,[146],{"text":147,"type":58,"marks":148},"Midstream and downstream",[149],{"type":150},"bold",{"type":53,"attrs":152,"content":153},{"textAlign":50},[154,156,163,165,172],{"text":155,"type":58},"A full, mine-to-grid supply chain is being constructed ",{"text":157,"type":58,"marks":158},"within Africa",[159],{"type":68,"attrs":160},{"href":161,"uuid":162,"anchor":50,"target":72,"linktype":73},"/article/africas-growing-role-in-global-battery-supply-chains-key-takeaways-from-giga-africa-2025","3441c7f3-d37b-41c9-96b8-d1c412e9fddd",{"text":164,"type":58}," as countries increasingly seek to retain more of the value from the raw materials to which they have access. At the centre of this process is Morocco, where a number of ",{"text":166,"type":58,"marks":167},"cathode and anode manufacturing sites",[168],{"type":68,"attrs":169},{"href":170,"uuid":171,"anchor":50,"target":72,"linktype":73},"/article/chinas-midstream-majors-flock-to-moroccos-fledgling-cathode-hub","d6ae9392-7b91-4c01-86a2-b8b48b35f2fa",{"text":173,"type":58}," are planned to enter production in the coming years. China’s BTR New Material Group expecting to begin lithium ion battery anode production in 2027, and Falcon Energy Materials is targeting anode production at a Moroccan site in 2033.",{"type":53,"attrs":175,"content":176},{"textAlign":50},[177,179,186,188,195],{"text":178,"type":58},"Gotion has ",{"text":180,"type":58,"marks":181},"committed most fully",[182],{"type":68,"attrs":183},{"href":184,"uuid":185,"anchor":50,"target":72,"linktype":73},"/article/gotions-1-3-billion-gigafactory-investment-to-further-expand-moroccos-lithium-ion-ecosystem","55090617-5e63-4639-bc5e-a8bd50f0b799",{"text":187,"type":58}," to building mid and downstream capacity in the country, investing with ",{"text":189,"type":58,"marks":190},"financial support from the Moroccan government",[191],{"type":68,"attrs":192},{"href":193,"uuid":194,"anchor":50,"target":72,"linktype":73},"/article/gotion-secures-e300-million-from-moroccos-cdg-for-gigafactory","789c3c1e-5f89-4a78-afe7-9f50b50d4eca",{"text":196,"type":58}," to develop a battery, cathode and anode manufacturing site near Kenitra that is planned for first production in 2026. Kenitra is also the location of a Fiat EV manufacturing site, where the Stellantis-owned brand is expected to begin production of its Grizzly model this year, as well as of planned Chrysler and Citroen lines.",{"type":53,"attrs":198,"content":199},{"textAlign":50},[200],{"text":201,"type":58},"Egypt is also a focus for downstream manufacturing, particularly in battery energy stationary storage (BESS). Gotion is planning a BESS cell production site in the country by 2028, while Sungrow expects to open a BESS site there in Q2 2027. JA Solar and a joint venture of Kemet, Cornex and GCL also have plans for BESS sites in the country.",{"type":142,"attrs":203,"content":205},{"level":204,"textAlign":50},1,[206],{"text":207,"type":58},"In charts",{"type":91,"attrs":209},{"id":93,"body":210},[211],{"id":212,"_uid":213,"type":98,"component":99,"fixed_height":100,"use_fixed_height":101,"fixed_height_mobile":100,"fixed_height_tablet":100},"29870105","i-d0ad1963-925f-45c0-8e1f-feda2a388f34",{"type":91,"attrs":215},{"id":93,"body":216},[217],{"id":218,"_uid":219,"type":73,"component":99,"fixed_height":100,"use_fixed_height":101,"fixed_height_mobile":100,"fixed_height_tablet":100},"3802398","i-7901a0b1-fe9a-47b8-823c-45a22744ed01",{"type":91,"attrs":221},{"id":93,"body":222},[223],{"id":224,"_uid":225,"type":73,"component":99,"fixed_height":100,"use_fixed_height":101,"fixed_height_mobile":100,"fixed_height_tablet":100},"3802401","i-5d888dc9-45b9-4bab-a04f-c0a8f1ad14e0",{"type":91,"attrs":227},{"id":93,"body":228},[229],{"id":230,"_uid":231,"type":98,"component":99,"fixed_height":100,"use_fixed_height":101,"fixed_height_mobile":100,"fixed_height_tablet":100},"29892374","i-941f686f-ef5d-4a53-840e-7eea6f9f09f7",{"type":91,"attrs":233},{"id":93,"body":234},[235],{"id":236,"_uid":237,"type":98,"component":99,"fixed_height":100,"use_fixed_height":101,"fixed_height_mobile":100,"fixed_height_tablet":100},"29960010","i-93d56d7c-cdf1-43aa-9fac-e203a73652a4",{"type":142,"attrs":239,"content":240},{"level":204,"textAlign":50},[241],{"text":242,"type":58},"In Focus: China’s role on the continent",{"type":91,"attrs":244},{"id":93,"body":245},[246],{"id":247,"_uid":248,"type":98,"component":99,"fixed_height":100,"use_fixed_height":101,"fixed_height_mobile":100,"fixed_height_tablet":100},"30057830","i-0939274d-f4b9-49ec-b8ed-bd61b60acd8e",{"type":53,"attrs":250,"content":251},{"textAlign":50},[252],{"text":253,"type":58},"Though Africa is a significant supplier of range of primary energy transition minerals, the projects that produce that output are largely owned by overseas firms, most of them based in China. China's prominence in Africa is supported by its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Launched in 2013, the BRI is a global project in which China invests heavily in infrastructure and development projects globally to bolster trade and economic relations with emerging economies. In lithium, its role is particularly pronounced, with 85% of 2025 African output coming from projects primarily owned by Chinese companies, while over half of cobalt output from the same.",{"type":53,"attrs":255,"content":256},{"textAlign":50},[257],{"text":258,"type":58},"China’s prominence in African material output is highlighted by the case of Mali, which went from outputting no lithium to becoming the continent’s third-largest – and the world’s sixth-largest – supplier of spodumene within two years from 2023–2025. This is owed largely to Chinese firm Ganfeng, which is majority owner of the Goulamina site responsible for 85% Mali’s 2025 production. Hainan Mining, meanwhile, owns one third of the only other mine operating in the country.",{"type":53,"attrs":260,"content":261},{"textAlign":50},[262],{"text":263,"type":58},"In cobalt, the story is similar. Of all 2025 cobalt output, 70% came from majority Chinese-owned projects, though this share is expected to contract slightly to 64% BY 2030. While not representing a majority of 2025 supply, there is also significant involvement from China in copper and natural graphite supply from the continent.","Africa is a key mining destination for a range of critical minerals across the energy transition supply chain. However, the majority of these minerals are exported for processing outside of the region.\n\nMost notably, Africa is the largest source of mined cobalt, where the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), the subject of a previous Regional Spotlight, is the world’s leading supplier. The continent also leads global supply of mined manganese ore; it was responsible for three quarters of this in 2025.",true,[267],{"slug":268,"name":269,"content":270},"benjamin-roche","Benjamin Roche",{"job_title":271,"image":272,"bio":274,"linkedin":275},"Editor – Energy Transition Supply Chains",{"filename":273},"https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/800x800/66d6674fb8/benjamin-roche.png","Benjamin is Benchmark's Editor for Energy Transition Supply Chains, covering both upstream products like critical minerals and downstream products including energy storage systems and electric vehicles. He has previous experience covering trade flows, tariffs and the effects of geopolitics on supply chains.","https://www.linkedin.com/in/benjaminrochecontent/","article","Cobalt, lithium, graphite: Africa Regional Spotlight",[279,282,285,288,291,294,297,300,303,306,309,312,315,318,321],{"slug":280,"name":281},"anode","Anode",{"slug":283,"name":284},"batteries","Batteries",{"slug":286,"name":287},"cathode","Cathode",{"slug":289,"name":290},"cobalt","Cobalt",{"slug":292,"name":293},"copper","Copper",{"slug":295,"name":296},"critical-minerals","Critical Minerals",{"slug":298,"name":299},"ess","ESS",{"slug":301,"name":302},"ev","EV",{"slug":304,"name":305},"geopolitics","Geopolitics",{"slug":307,"name":308},"gigafactories","Battery & Gigafactory",{"slug":310,"name":311},"graphite","Graphite",{"slug":313,"name":314},"lithium","Lithium",{"slug":316,"name":317},"manganese","Manganese",{"slug":319,"name":320},"natural-graphite","Natural Graphite",{"slug":322,"name":323},"raw-materials","Raw 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