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High-Nickel",144.45,149.67,-3.49,26.69,49.06,[498,499,500,502,504,506,508,510,512,514,516,518],{"date":198,"value":492},{"date":200,"value":493},{"date":203,"value":501},157.37,{"date":206,"value":503},160,{"date":209,"value":505},149.53,{"date":212,"value":507},141.97,{"date":215,"value":509},136.99,{"date":218,"value":511},129.81,{"date":221,"value":513},114.02,{"date":224,"value":515},109.17,{"date":227,"value":517},109.02,{"date":255,"value":519},99.44,{"publishedDate":198,"updateFrequency":187,"updateFrequencyText":188,"label":521,"today":522,"last":523,"percentageChange":524,"yearToDate":525,"yearOnYear":526,"oneYearIndexTrend":527,"url":377,"subscription":49,"isProtected":50,"hasAccess":51},"LFP",229.17,218.34,4.96,49.35,83.44,[528,529,530,532,534,536,538,540,542,544,546,548],{"date":198,"value":522},{"date":200,"value":523},{"date":203,"value":531},239.1,{"date":206,"value":533},258.32,{"date":209,"value":535},239.37,{"date":212,"value":537},213.01,{"date":215,"value":539},204.49,{"date":218,"value":541},218.06,{"date":221,"value":543},153.45,{"date":224,"value":545},134.02,{"date":227,"value":547},118.22,{"date":255,"value":549},111.93,{"id":551,"uuid":552,"name":553,"slug":554,"full_slug":555,"content":556,"relatedArticles":745,"relatedVideos":746},112474297493516,"2e045efb-6816-410b-8775-2f2a4888192a","Cobalt earthquake sends shockwaves to automakers","cobalt-earthquake-sends-shockwaves-to-automakers","article/cobalt-earthquake-sends-shockwaves-to-automakers",{"_uid":557,"date":558,"tags":559,"editor":560,"content":570,"excerpt":721,"featured":50,"reporter":722,"_editable":726,"component":727,"seo_title":553,"categories":728,"visibility":737,"author_company":49,"featured_image":738,"seo_description":721,"author_full_name":49,"author_job_title":49,"formattedDate":743,"formattedArticleDate":744},"66978538-9a75-460b-b016-d8aded981bc7","2019-09-09 00:00",[],[561],{"slug":562,"name":563,"content":564},"didi-bostock","Didi Bostock",{"job_title":565,"image":566,"bio":568,"linkedin":569},"Editor - Energy Transition & Economics",{"filename":567},"https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/512x512/2c5ca5c1a3/didi-bostock.jpeg","Didi is the Energy Transition & Economics Editor at Benchmark, covering a broad range of markets across the energy transition. His remit spans from downstream sectors such as BESS and EVs, through to midstream such as new technologies and battery production, to upstream critical minerals mining. He also leads on financial analysis across these supply chains, alongside in-depth policy analysis.\n","https://www.linkedin.com/in/didi-bostock-656342198/",{"type":571,"content":572},"doc",[573,581,587,592,597,604,609,614,619,627,632,637,642,647,652,657,662,667,672,677,682,687,696,701,706,711,716],{"type":574,"attrs":575,"content":577},"heading",{"level":576,"textAlign":49},4,[578],{"text":579,"type":580},"August 2019 saw Glencore announce that it would close its Mutanda mine in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and China’s Huayou Cobalt’s announcement that it plans to pull out of a deal to invest in a DRC cobalt operation. Here we look at the seismic developments that have shifted the cobalt market.","text",{"type":582,"attrs":583,"content":584},"paragraph",{"textAlign":49},[585],{"text":586,"type":580},"The pressures of the 15-month price slump on cobalt producers was cited by Glencore as one of the driving forces for its decision to place the world’s biggest cobalt mine by production – its Mutanda operation, responsible for 20% of global supply – on care and maintenance from 2020 as it effectively suspends cobalt production from the site.",{"type":582,"attrs":588,"content":589},{"textAlign":49},[590],{"text":591,"type":580},"The company’s 2019 half-year report stated that “at Mutanda, we are planning to transition the operation to temporary care and maintenance by year end, reflecting its reduced economic viability in the current market environment, primarily in response to low cobalt prices.”",{"type":582,"attrs":593,"content":594},{"textAlign":49},[595],{"text":596,"type":580},"There had been warning signs that a closure of the Mutanda mine was on the cards during the first half of 2019. In February, Glencore announced a cut of 2,000 expatriate workers from the mine which had prompted fears of falling cobalt volumes from the copper-cobalt operation.",{"type":582,"attrs":598,"content":599},{"textAlign":49},[600,602],{"text":601,"type":580},"Benchmark Minerals ",{"text":603,"type":580},"also understands that oxide ores at the mine had been depleting earlier than expected. To continue long-term production at the mine would have required Glencore to invest in new sulphide processing facilities to transition from its oxide operation.",{"type":582,"attrs":605,"content":606},{"textAlign":49},[607],{"text":608,"type":580},"The new facilities would have needed significant investment and in an environment of depressed cobalt prices, increased DRC royalty payments and DRC political uncertainty will have weighed heavily on any decision made.",{"type":582,"attrs":610,"content":611},{"textAlign":49},[612],{"text":613,"type":580},"Glencore hasn’t entirely closed the door on transitioning from oxide deposits, stating that it continues “to progress studies on the sulphide project, having the potential to extend operations for many years” with the company anticipating it will provide an update in December.",{"type":582,"attrs":615,"content":616},{"textAlign":49},[617],{"text":618,"type":580},"With the decision to place Mutanda on care and maintenance Glencore’s Katanga asset will become the company’s main producing cobalt operation. However, the project has delayed exports due to elevated levels of uranium and revised annual production guidance for 2019 a number of times, initially down from 34,000 tonnes to 26,000 and finally 14,000 tonnes in their latest report.",{"type":582,"attrs":620,"content":621},{"textAlign":49},[622,624,625],{"text":623,"type":580},"As we have noted before, ",{"text":601,"type":580},{"text":626,"type":580},"does not expect large volumes of material to be exported to market until 2020 when the new ion exchange processing circuit is commissioned.",{"type":582,"attrs":628,"content":629},{"textAlign":49},[630],{"text":631,"type":580},"Glencore had originally stated the new equipment would be operational at the end of 2019 but in their most recent announcement the company gave a timeline of commissioning in mid-2020. With the planned suspension of operations at Mutanda this would suggest that the company will use up stockpiles held from the Mutanda operation for the first half of 2020.",{"type":574,"attrs":633,"content":634},{"level":576,"textAlign":49},[635],{"text":636,"type":580},"Huayou Cobalt pulls out of DRC investment",{"type":582,"attrs":638,"content":639},{"textAlign":49},[640],{"text":641,"type":580},"Huayou Cobalt’s announcement that it would pull out of a deal to invest in a DRC-based cobalt development will not have the seismic effect on the industry of Glencore’s Mutanda decision, but it shows the consequences of cobalt’s recent downturn.",{"type":582,"attrs":643,"content":644},{"textAlign":49},[645],{"text":646,"type":580},"In a Shanghai Stock Exchange filing Huayou announced that it was terminating its 51% investment in Lucky Resources, which holds 100% of New Minerals Investment – the company responsible for the project.",{"type":582,"attrs":648,"content":649},{"textAlign":49},[650],{"text":651,"type":580},"Huayou Cobalt explained that “the market environment has undergone major changes, the price of cobalt products has fallen sharply, and the profitability has fallen sharply.” The company’s profits have been hit dramatically by the cobalt slump as its year-on-year profits at the end of Q1 2019 were down 98%.",{"type":582,"attrs":653,"content":654},{"textAlign":49},[655],{"text":656,"type":580},"The DRC project was at an early stage but it highlights the challenges faced by cobalt producers. It also shows the issues that a low-price environment creates for bringing new supply to the market, especially to meet demand in the early 2020s and beyond.",{"type":574,"attrs":658,"content":659},{"level":576,"textAlign":49},[660],{"text":661,"type":580},"What is happening to supply and prices?",{"type":582,"attrs":663,"content":664},{"textAlign":49},[665],{"text":666,"type":580},"Right now, the supply-side remains unaffected as the closure of the Mutanda mine does not come into effect until 2020.",{"type":582,"attrs":668,"content":669},{"textAlign":49},[670],{"text":671,"type":580},"Looking at Glencore’s other cobalt operation, Katanga Mining, production figures are lower than previously forecast. This, however, is not a surprise as Glencore had warned it was going to reduce the guidance in its last quarterly update. Aside from this, the material was not expected to reach the market until 2020 due to the uranium issue outlined above.",{"type":582,"attrs":673,"content":674},{"textAlign":49},[675],{"text":676,"type":580},"Prior to the Mutanda news, the cobalt market was widely forecast to be in oversupply until 2022 or beyond, which had weighed heavily on prices, in part driving the downward trend for the previous 12-18 months.",{"type":582,"attrs":678,"content":679},{"textAlign":49},[680],{"text":681,"type":580},"Removal of such significant tonnage from the market could see structural undersupply by as soon as 2020, although stockpiles accumulating in Africa will help balance the market until 2021 and possibly further.",{"type":582,"attrs":683,"content":684},{"textAlign":49},[685],{"text":686,"type":580},"Looking to 2020, continued production and stockpiles accumulated since early 2018 should provide enough feedstock to supply the market over the course of the year. Depending on the speed at which other operators ramp up supply, something that maybe accelerated in in response to the Mutanda closure, the market could see shortages in 2021.",{"type":582,"attrs":688,"content":689},{"textAlign":49},[690,692,694],{"text":691,"type":580},"The Mutanda announcement has caused an immediate and notable effect on prices. Prior to the news, prices had been falling for 15 months and saw the ",{"text":693,"type":580},"Benchmark Minerals’ ",{"text":695,"type":580},"cobalt hydroxide, cobalt sulphate and cobalt metal prices fall 79%, 76% and 71% respectively between April 2018 and July 2019.",{"type":582,"attrs":697,"content":698},{"textAlign":49},[699],{"text":700,"type":580},"But Glencore’s announcement saw cobalt price rises across the board with cobalt hydroxide up 17.3%, sulphate up 21.2% and metal rising 16.7% over the course of August.",{"type":582,"attrs":702,"content":703},{"textAlign":49},[704],{"text":705,"type":580},"In percentage terms these price increases seem significant but it should be noted that these price increases have come from very low levels back to within historic average ranges, which represents a healthier market.",{"type":582,"attrs":707,"content":708},{"textAlign":49},[709],{"text":710,"type":580},"Whether this news is enough to sustain higher prices to the end of the year is yet to be seen, but the announcement has changed sentiment within the supply chain and has moved the looming cobalt deficit closer.",{"type":582,"attrs":712,"content":713},{"textAlign":49},[714],{"text":715,"type":580},"There will of course be consequences for cathode, battery and electric vehicle producers further down the supply chain but these will not come to fruition immediately. With the increased uncertainty regarding supply, we might see increased efforts to secure material directly at the mine level from cathode producers, which is something larger producers have already been undertaking.",{"type":582,"attrs":717,"content":718},{"textAlign":49},[719],{"text":720,"type":580},"This latest news is another knock to cobalt’s image. The challenges of securing sustainable sources of cobalt remain firmly on battery and automakers agendas but this is no simple task and we continue to see efforts from manufacturers to reduce the amount of cobalt used in next generation batteries.","August 2019 saw Glencore announce that it would close its Mutanda mine in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and China’s Huayou Cobalt’s announcement that it plans to pull out of a deal to invest in a DRC cobalt operation. Here we look at the seismic developments that have shifted the cobalt market. The pressures […]",[723],{"slug":562,"name":563,"content":724},{"job_title":565,"image":725,"bio":568,"linkedin":569},{"filename":567},"\u003C!--#storyblok#{\"name\": \"article\", \"space\": \"\", \"uid\": \"66978538-9a75-460b-b016-d8aded981bc7\", \"id\": \"\"}-->","article",[729,732,734],{"slug":730,"name":731},"batteries","Batteries",{"slug":733,"name":115},"cobalt",{"slug":735,"name":736},"critical-minerals","Critical Minerals","private",{"id":49,"alt":739,"name":739,"focus":739,"title":739,"source":739,"filename":740,"copyright":739,"fieldtype":741,"meta_data":742,"is_external_url":51},"","https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/adc068d260/bm-glencore-offices-e1568042098678.jpg","asset",{"alt":739,"title":739,"source":739,"copyright":739},"Sep 09, 2019","9th September 2019",[],[],1792773942569]