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EV fleet surpasses the one million mark","europes-ev-fleet-surpasses-the-one-million-mark","article/europes-ev-fleet-surpasses-the-one-million-mark",{"_uid":557,"date":558,"tags":559,"editor":563,"content":573,"excerpt":738,"featured":50,"reporter":739,"_editable":743,"component":744,"seo_title":553,"categories":745,"visibility":752,"author_company":49,"featured_image":753,"seo_description":738,"author_full_name":49,"author_job_title":49,"formattedDate":758,"formattedArticleDate":759},"f101e132-af12-4801-9c62-f7c88a66f969","2018-10-17 00:00",[560],{"slug":561,"name":562},"europe","Europe",[564],{"slug":565,"name":566,"content":567},"matthew-bird","Matthew Bird",{"job_title":568,"image":569,"bio":571,"linkedin":572},"Senior Editor - Supply Chains & Data Visualisation",{"filename":570},"https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/512x512/14738033ec/matthew-bird.jpeg","Matthew writes, edits and produces content for Benchmark Intelligence and Benchmark Source across the whole mine to grid supply chain. He also acts as a liaison to the press. He has a PhD in electrochemistry from the University of Nottingham.","https://www.linkedin.com/in/birdmatthew/",{"type":574,"content":575},"doc",[576,583,588,593,598,603,608,613,618,623,628,633,638,643,648,653,658,663,668,673,678,683,688,693,698,703,708,713,718,723,728,733],{"type":577,"attrs":578,"content":579},"paragraph",{"textAlign":49},[580],{"text":581,"type":582},"By Chris Goodfellow","text",{"type":577,"attrs":584,"content":585},{"textAlign":49},[586],{"text":587,"type":582},"Europe sped past the million electric vehicle milestone in mid-2018. The growth has been impressive, but work needs to be done to improve incentives and develop the charging network.",{"type":577,"attrs":589,"content":590},{"textAlign":49},[591],{"text":592,"type":582},"Electric vehicles have achieved impressive sales growth in Europe, but the fleet is largely limited to wealthy nations. The European Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA) found a strong correlation between per capita GDP and customer incentives, and uptake of electric vehicles.",{"type":577,"attrs":594,"content":595},{"textAlign":49},[596],{"text":597,"type":582},"Market share of EVs is only above 1% in Western European countries with a GDP per capita of more than €30,000, according to the 2017 research. In countries with a GDP below €17,000 the market share remains close to zero.",{"type":577,"attrs":599,"content":600},{"textAlign":49},[601],{"text":602,"type":582},"“Many people take the Norwegian market as a benchmark. But just like its €64,000 [per capita] GDP, more than twice the European Union average, Norway’s ECV share of 29% is an exception in Europe. Nobody looks at Greece for instance, where only 32 electrically-chargeable cars were sold last year,” said ACEA Secretary General Erik Jonnaert.",{"type":577,"attrs":604,"content":605},{"textAlign":49},[606],{"text":607,"type":582},"Jonnaert added that he believes the vehicles available in the market today are not sufficient to create demand, calling for “harmonised and coherent” consumer incentives and increased investments in recharging infrastructure.",{"type":577,"attrs":609,"content":610},{"textAlign":49},[611],{"text":612,"type":582},"The historic precedent for European emissions regulations is a positive one. The EU’s Euro vehicle standards, for example, have been world-leading and are often imitated by other countries like the US. The EU has traditionally remained technological neutrality, setting emissions targets but leaving it up to original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) to decide how to meet them.",{"type":577,"attrs":614,"content":615},{"textAlign":49},[616],{"text":617,"type":582},"While not setting out specific solutions emissions legislation has led to industry-wide implementation of new technology. For example, the Euro standards for HGVs led to the adoption of Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR), which sprays a urea solution into exhaust gas to breakdown dangerous NOx chemicals into harmless nitrogen and water.",{"type":577,"attrs":619,"content":620},{"textAlign":49},[621],{"text":622,"type":582},"The European Union (EU) also introduced legislation in an attempt to bring consistency to the development of the charging network. The 2014 Directive on Alternative Fuel Infrastructure (DAFI) required EU member countries to define electric charging point targets for 2020 by November 2016 as part of its Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area.",{"type":577,"attrs":624,"content":625},{"textAlign":49},[626],{"text":627,"type":582},"However, it’s not been without setbacks. The ACEA spokesperson added the implementation of DAFI has been “poor”, and Malta and Romania were referred to the Court of Justice for failing to notify their national policy frameworks.",{"type":577,"attrs":629,"content":630},{"textAlign":49},[631],{"text":632,"type":582},"Individual member states are preparing legislation or have made commitments preventing the sale of diesel and petrol cards. The policies help reassure manufacturers that the transition to EVs will be supported by governments, including the potential investments in filling networks and incentives needed to increase consumer uptake.",{"type":577,"attrs":634,"content":635},{"textAlign":49},[636],{"text":637,"type":582},"The UK government announced it would ban new diesel and petrol vehicle sales from 2040 last year. Ministers announced a £255m fund to help councils tackle emissions, including changing road layouts, implementing new technology and introducing congestion zones. The funding will help support the necessary development of the charging point network.",{"type":577,"attrs":639,"content":640},{"textAlign":49},[641],{"text":642,"type":582},"Several other countries have tabled similar bills. France announced plans to ban new sales of diesel and petrol cars by 2040 in July 2017. Unlike the UK it will offer a scrappage scheme. Dutch politicians voted through a motion in 2016 to ban sales of new petrol and diesel cars starting in 2025. Germany passed a resolution calling for a ban on combustion engine cars by 2030.",{"type":577,"attrs":644,"content":645},{"textAlign":49},[646],{"text":647,"type":582},"Implementation of incentive schemes can be difficult.",{"type":577,"attrs":649,"content":650},{"textAlign":49},[651],{"text":652,"type":582},"“In some cases they have proven to be unsustainable, as the Dutch market has demonstrated,” said an ACEA spokesperson. “Moreover, there is no harmonisation across the EU with respect to incentives, with the amount of incentives and especially their monetary value differing significantly across Europe.”",{"type":577,"attrs":654,"content":655},{"textAlign":49},[656],{"text":657,"type":582},"The picture isn’t entirely negative. Norway is unique in Europe in – and indeed the world – in EV sales. It’s large hydropower resource and forward thinking public policies have created world-leading EV adoption. EV sales increased 39% year-on-year in 2017 reaching 62,313 and accounting for 39% of all passenger car registrations.",{"type":577,"attrs":659,"content":660},{"textAlign":49},[661],{"text":662,"type":582},"What led to Norway’s success? Its government offers drivers a full suite of incentives. Import tax and its 25% VAT rate are not charged on plug-in cars making the sales price competitive (import taxes might be introduced for more expensive models). Running costs are lower too, with zero road tax, free toll use, no emissions charges and cheap electricity.",{"type":577,"attrs":664,"content":665},{"textAlign":49},[666],{"text":667,"type":582},"How big is Europe’s EV fleet?",{"type":577,"attrs":669,"content":670},{"textAlign":49},[671],{"text":672,"type":582},"In-spite of the investment needed to develop the charging network and teething problems with incentives, Europe’s EV fleet has experienced remarkable growth in the last decade.",{"type":577,"attrs":674,"content":675},{"textAlign":49},[676],{"text":677,"type":582},"The European Alternative Fuels Observatory started tracking EV vehicles sales in 2011 when 9,857 vehicles were sold. By July 2018, the European fleet reached one million electric vehicles (we have assumed that none of the cars purchased since 2011 have yet been scrapped) with 212,322 sold so far this year. With sales in the year-to-date 41% higher than the same period last year, this number could reach 411,035 by the end of the year.",{"type":577,"attrs":679,"content":680},{"textAlign":49},[681],{"text":682,"type":582},"To put this in perspective, the overall passenger car market grew by 3.4% with more than 15 million new passenger cars registered in 2017, according to ACEA’s data. This marked the fourth consecutive year of growth.",{"type":577,"attrs":684,"content":685},{"textAlign":49},[686],{"text":687,"type":582},"In short, the EV segment is showing really strong growth in a product category where sales are largely flat. They do still, however, make up only a small proportion. There remains the question of how long will it take to replace the current fleet – estimates put the total European passenger car fleet at 260 million vehicles – as consumers take time to replace old vehicles and the cost of EVs is prohibitive.",{"type":577,"attrs":689,"content":690},{"textAlign":49},[691],{"text":692,"type":582},"A number of large passenger car manufacturers introduced EV models in 2013, a key year for the fleet’s expansion. Renault sold 8,833 Zoe models, Mitsubishi Outlander’s plug-in hybrid sold 8,193 and Tesla’s Model S hit the European shores selling 3,975 units in its first year. Together, these models accounted for 36% of 2013’s sales and changed the development of the EV market.",{"type":577,"attrs":694,"content":695},{"textAlign":49},[696],{"text":697,"type":582},"Each of the large OEMs have launched models since. Volkswagen’s sales began in 2014, with its e-Golf and Golf GTE selling 3,699 units. Mercedes and Hyundai in 2016 and Volvo’s last year when it launched its XC60 PHEV plug-in hybrid.",{"type":577,"attrs":699,"content":700},{"textAlign":49},[701],{"text":702,"type":582},"Volkswagen has the largest EV fleet in Europe, with 130,584 passenger cars on the road in August 2018. It’s done this with a three-model strategy; the Passat GTE and Golf GTE plug-in hybrids, and the e-Golf EV. The e-Golf is currently the most popular, accounting for 42% or 11,175 sales so far this year.",{"type":577,"attrs":704,"content":705},{"textAlign":49},[706],{"text":707,"type":582},"Plug-in hybrids key to fleet expansion",{"type":577,"attrs":709,"content":710},{"textAlign":49},[711],{"text":712,"type":582},"Plug-in hybrid’s (PHEV) have become increasingly important to EV sales. The share of PHEV sales has been increasing rapidly – these vehicles made up 4% of EV sales in 2011, by 2017 this had climbed to 54% or 155,763 vehicles.",{"type":577,"attrs":714,"content":715},{"textAlign":49},[716],{"text":717,"type":582},"Manufacturers have clearly stated the importance of PHEV to their medium-term strategies.",{"type":577,"attrs":719,"content":720},{"textAlign":49},[721],{"text":722,"type":582},"Shinzuo Abe, general manager of Toyota’s powertrain division, said the manufacturer expects to sell several hundred thousand plug-in hybrids and several hundred thousand EVs per year by 2030.",{"type":577,"attrs":724,"content":725},{"textAlign":49},[726],{"text":727,"type":582},"“Japan and Europe will continue to grow their hybrid ratios faster than other markets. We also believe that North America, in the context of meeting [the 2025] CO2 regulations, is promising.",{"type":577,"attrs":729,"content":730},{"textAlign":49},[731],{"text":732,"type":582},"“We believe that hybrids will come ahead of full electrics. We also realize that some European OEMs are jumping into pure EVs from diesels and bypassing hybrids,” he said in a recent interview with WardsAuto.",{"type":577,"attrs":734,"content":735},{"textAlign":49},[736],{"text":737,"type":582},"The rapid growth in European EV vehicle sales is something to be celebrated. However, market share is still low and lots needs to be done on a policy level to improve incentives and ensure access to charging points. Norway shows us what’s possible. With a significant package of incentives EV vehicle market share is fast approaching 50%, albeit it has the advantages of abundant renewable electricity and a high per capita GDP.","By Chris Goodfellow Europe sped past the million electric vehicle milestone in mid-2018. The growth has been impressive, but work needs to be done to improve incentives and develop the charging network. Electric vehicles have achieved impressive sales growth in Europe, but the fleet is largely limited to wealthy nations. The European Automobile Manufacturers Association […]",[740],{"slug":565,"name":566,"content":741},{"job_title":568,"image":742,"bio":571,"linkedin":572},{"filename":570},"\u003C!--#storyblok#{\"name\": \"article\", \"space\": \"\", \"uid\": \"f101e132-af12-4801-9c62-f7c88a66f969\", \"id\": \"\"}-->","article",[746,749],{"slug":747,"name":748},"batteries","Batteries",{"slug":750,"name":751},"critical-minerals","Critical Minerals","private",{"id":49,"alt":754,"name":754,"focus":754,"title":754,"source":754,"filename":755,"copyright":754,"fieldtype":756,"meta_data":757,"is_external_url":51},"","https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/a938c04b48/bm-2017-e-golf-large-6757-e1539742281729.jpg","asset",{"alt":754,"title":754,"source":754,"copyright":754},"Oct 17, 2018","17th October 2018",[],[],1792773943674]