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Mid-Nickel",103.5,99.73,3.78,13.78,6.78,[518,519,520,522,524,526,528,530,532,534,536,538],{"date":213,"value":512},{"date":216,"value":513},{"date":219,"value":521},99.19,{"date":222,"value":523},96.02,{"date":225,"value":525},98.23,{"date":467,"value":527},99.24,{"date":329,"value":529},101.29,{"date":339,"value":531},87.61,{"date":341,"value":533},92.44,{"date":344,"value":535},90.96,{"date":347,"value":537},92.24,{"date":350,"value":539},95.09,{"id":541,"uuid":542,"name":543,"slug":544,"full_slug":545,"content":546,"relatedArticles":762,"relatedVideos":763},112470904834231,"68f53516-3212-4cc1-b25c-ab8ac6fdd97f","Five things you need to know about manganese and batteries","five-things-you-need-to-know-about-manganese-and-batteries","article/five-things-you-need-to-know-about-manganese-and-batteries",{"_uid":547,"date":548,"tags":549,"editor":553,"content":563,"excerpt":734,"featured":51,"reporter":735,"_editable":739,"component":740,"seo_title":543,"categories":741,"visibility":755,"author_company":49,"featured_image":756,"seo_description":734,"author_full_name":49,"author_job_title":49,"formattedDate":760,"formattedArticleDate":761},"e8f11ef3-ea30-4926-89c2-635c0b10233c","2023-08-17 00:00",[550],{"slug":551,"name":552},"manganese","Manganese",[554],{"slug":555,"name":556,"content":557},"didi-bostock","Didi Bostock",{"job_title":558,"image":559,"bio":561,"linkedin":562},"Editor - Energy Transition & Economics",{"filename":560},"https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/512x512/2c5ca5c1a3/didi-bostock.jpeg","Didi is the Energy Transition & Economics Editor at Benchmark, covering a broad range of markets across the energy transition. His remit spans from downstream sectors such as BESS and EVs, through to midstream such as new technologies and battery production, to upstream critical minerals mining. He also leads on financial analysis across these supply chains, alongside in-depth policy analysis.\n","https://www.linkedin.com/in/didi-bostock-656342198/",{"type":564,"content":565},"doc",[566,573,588,593,598,605,610,623,628,637,642,647,652,657,662,667,672,677,684,689,694,706,719,724,729],{"type":567,"attrs":568,"content":569},"paragraph",{"textAlign":49},[570],{"text":571,"type":572},"Manganese-based lithium-ion batteries have the potential to be used in many applications, including electric vehicles, grid storage, and consumer electronics. ","text",{"type":567,"attrs":574,"content":575},{"textAlign":49},[576,578,586],{"text":577,"type":572},"In electric vehicles, ",{"text":579,"type":572,"marks":580},"manganese-based lithium-ion batteries",[581],{"type":582,"attrs":583},"link",{"href":584,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":585},"https://source.benchmarkminerals.com/article/why-manganese-could-be-the-next-battery-supply-chain-headache","url",{"text":587,"type":572}," could be used to power longer-range vehicles at a lower cost than some other lithium-ion chemistries. Manganese demand from battery cathodes is expected to increase eight-fold by the end of the decade. ",{"type":567,"attrs":589,"content":590},{"textAlign":49},[591],{"text":592,"type":572},"The use of high-purity manganese sulphate (HPMSM) has been shown to improve the cycle-life and safety of manganese-based lithium-ion batteries.",{"type":567,"attrs":594,"content":595},{"textAlign":49},[596],{"text":597,"type":572},"Here are five things you need to know about manganese: ",{"type":599,"attrs":600,"content":602},"heading",{"level":601,"textAlign":49},4,[603],{"text":604,"type":572},"1. Manganese’s elemental properties make it a promising material for lithium-ion batteries.",{"type":567,"attrs":606,"content":607},{"textAlign":49},[608],{"text":609,"type":572},"Manganese has several properties that make it an attractive candidate for use in lithium-ion batteries. First, manganese is relatively abundant on earth, which makes it a cost-effective material to source (before processing). ",{"type":567,"attrs":611,"content":612},{"textAlign":49},[613,615,621],{"text":614,"type":572},"Second, manganese is non-toxic, which is important for safety considerations. ",{"text":616,"type":572,"marks":617},"ESG credentials",[618],{"type":582,"attrs":619},{"href":620,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":585},"https://www.benchmarkminerals.com/esg/",{"text":622,"type":572}," of batteries are under increased scrutiny and social and environmental aspects of a battery’s deployment and end-of-life management are clearly related. Battery toxicity is particularly important in the event of damage to the cell – such as in an electric vehicle collision or when dropping a mobile phone. ",{"type":567,"attrs":624,"content":625},{"textAlign":49},[626],{"text":627,"type":572},"Third, manganese has a high theoretical specific capacity which is broadly comparable to that of other lithium-ion battery materials such as cobalt and nickel. The theoretical specific capacity of a battery describes the maximum amount of energy that can be extracted from a battery under certain specified conditions. Manganese’s elemental properties provide scientists with options to maximise such capacity while driving down costs.",{"type":567,"attrs":629,"content":630},{"textAlign":49},[631],{"type":632,"attrs":633},"image",{"id":49,"alt":634,"src":635,"title":49,"source":49,"copyright":49,"meta_data":636},"","https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/4389580673/bm-maganese-demand.jpg",{},{"type":599,"attrs":638,"content":639},{"level":601,"textAlign":49},[640],{"text":641,"type":572},"2. HPMSM can improve the cycle life and safety of manganese-based lithium-ion batteries.",{"type":567,"attrs":643,"content":644},{"textAlign":49},[645],{"text":646,"type":572},"One of the main historical challenges with lithium-ion batteries that use manganese in the cathode has been their poorer cycle life. But the use of HPMSM in modern battery chemistries can significantly improve the cycle life of newer-generation lithium-ion batteries. ",{"type":567,"attrs":648,"content":649},{"textAlign":49},[650],{"text":651,"type":572},"HPMSM is a more crystalline form of manganese sulphate, which results in a more stable and uniform electrode material. The stability leads to improved cycling performance and a longer battery life, as the battery can charge and discharge more frequently without impairing performance.",{"type":599,"attrs":653,"content":654},{"level":601,"textAlign":49},[655],{"text":656,"type":572},"3. Manganese-based lithium-ion batteries could be used in a variety of applications.",{"type":567,"attrs":658,"content":659},{"textAlign":49},[660],{"text":661,"type":572},"In energy storage (ESS), manganese-based lithium-ion batteries could be increasingly used to store renewable energy and provide backup power during outages. Improved cycling time and performance among manganese-intensive chemistries is driving uptake from the ESS sector as, by definition, they need to intake and output energy regularly and frequently without impaired performance. ",{"type":599,"attrs":663,"content":664},{"level":601,"textAlign":49},[665],{"text":666,"type":572},"4. Investment in manganese-based lithium-ion batteries is expected to grow significantly over the coming years.",{"type":567,"attrs":668,"content":669},{"textAlign":49},[670],{"text":671,"type":572},"Benchmark expects the global lithium-ion battery value chain to require $514 billion by 2030. Around 43% of that investment needs to be within the critical raw materials stages of that supply chain; and manganese requires at least $500 million specifically, under our base case.",{"type":567,"attrs":673,"content":674},{"textAlign":49},[675],{"text":676,"type":572},"It’s worth noting that this estimate has risks to the upside as prices and the intensity of manganese use in new chemistries increases (e.g. in lithium-manganese iron phosphate batteries.) But the amount of investment required is unlikely to decrease as wide-spread adoption begins to grow significantly.",{"type":567,"attrs":678,"content":679},{"textAlign":49},[680],{"type":632,"attrs":681},{"id":49,"alt":634,"src":682,"title":49,"source":49,"copyright":49,"meta_data":683},"https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/9f82d6c146/bm-benchmark-infographic-investment-needed-in-battery-supply-chain-1.jpg",{},{"type":599,"attrs":685,"content":686},{"level":601,"textAlign":49},[687],{"text":688,"type":572},"5. There are several challenges that need to be addressed before manganese-based lithium-ion batteries can be widely adopted.",{"type":567,"attrs":690,"content":691},{"textAlign":49},[692],{"text":693,"type":572},"While manganese-based lithium-ion batteries have many potential advantages, there are also challenges that are progressively being solved for. ",{"type":567,"attrs":695,"content":696},{"textAlign":49},[697,699,704],{"text":698,"type":572},"One main challenge for the battery and manganese industries alike is that 96% of current HPMSM refining capacity is in ",{"text":700,"type":572,"marks":701},"China",[702],{"type":582,"attrs":703},{"href":584,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":585},{"text":705,"type":572},". ",{"type":567,"attrs":707,"content":708},{"textAlign":49},[709,711,717],{"text":710,"type":572},"But policies in the US and in Europe are becoming increasingly protectionist to encourage domestic industry to build out its ",{"text":712,"type":572,"marks":713},"own capacity",[714],{"type":582,"attrs":715},{"href":716,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":585},"https://source.benchmarkminerals.com/article/gm-backs-first-us-manganese-plant-with-85-million-loan?mc_cid=c75338e548&mc_eid=UNIQID",{"text":718,"type":572},". As a result Chinese-made battery chemicals may not encounter an easy route for inclusion within Western-made cathodes.",{"type":567,"attrs":720,"content":721},{"textAlign":49},[722],{"text":723,"type":572},"A further challenge is with the ESG credentials of the HPMSM industry. Out of the 57 HPMSM facilities that Benchmark assesses (including projects at varying levels of completeness), only four have positive ESG processes in place. A positive grading means that they meet all 12 of Benchmark’s ESG criteria or that they miss just one but have a publicly available ESG report as well as an ESG committee in place. ",{"type":567,"attrs":725,"content":726},{"textAlign":49},[727],{"text":728,"type":572},"Most of the world’s facilities are of “weak” ESG standing though none of these projects are in North America or Europe. ESG metrics will be increasingly important as the world becomes more carbon-constrained and specific in the values it wants to invest in – as is already happening, particularly within the US and the European Union.",{"type":567,"attrs":730,"content":731},{"textAlign":49},[732],{"text":733,"type":572},"Manganese is a promising material for lithium-ion batteries, and HPMSM has the potential to significantly improve the cycle life and safety of lithium-ion batteries. We expect manganese-based lithium-ion batteries to be more widely used in a variety of applications as uptake in chemistry increases and investment grows by 2030.","Manganese-based lithium-ion batteries have the potential to be used in many applications, including electric vehicles, grid storage, and consumer electronics. In electric vehicles, manganese-based lithium-ion batteries could be used to power longer-range vehicles at a lower cost than some other lithium-ion chemistries. Manganese demand from battery cathodes is expected to increase eight-fold by the end […]",[736],{"slug":555,"name":556,"content":737},{"job_title":558,"image":738,"bio":561,"linkedin":562},{"filename":560},"\u003C!--#storyblok#{\"name\": \"article\", \"space\": \"\", \"uid\": \"e8f11ef3-ea30-4926-89c2-635c0b10233c\", \"id\": \"\"}-->","article",[742,745,748,751,754],{"slug":743,"name":744},"batteries","Batteries",{"slug":746,"name":747},"battery-technology","Battery Technology",{"slug":749,"name":750},"ess","ESS",{"slug":752,"name":753},"ev","EV",{"slug":551,"name":552},"private",{"id":49,"alt":634,"name":634,"focus":634,"title":634,"source":634,"filename":757,"copyright":634,"fieldtype":758,"meta_data":759,"is_external_url":51},"https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/9a831d045c/bm-manganese-mine.jpg","asset",{"alt":634,"title":634,"source":634,"copyright":634},"Aug 17, 2023","17th August 2023",[],[],1782312661795]