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EVs","how-the-eu-could-tackle-subsidised-imports-of-chinese-evs","article/how-the-eu-could-tackle-subsidised-imports-of-chinese-evs",{"_uid":547,"date":548,"tags":549,"editor":562,"content":572,"excerpt":781,"featured":51,"reporter":782,"_editable":786,"component":787,"seo_title":543,"categories":788,"visibility":795,"author_company":49,"data_vis_image":796,"featured_image":801,"seo_description":781,"author_full_name":49,"author_job_title":49,"formattedDate":804,"formattedArticleDate":805},"d2873e2e-a846-45f2-b098-f63f5b2a7c63","2024-04-10 00:00",[550,553,556,559],{"slug":551,"name":552},"china","China",{"slug":554,"name":555},"data-visualisation","Data Visualisation",{"slug":557,"name":558},"european-union","European Union",{"slug":560,"name":561},"policy","Policy",[563],{"slug":564,"name":565,"content":566},"matthew-bird","Matthew Bird",{"job_title":567,"image":568,"bio":570,"linkedin":571},"Senior Editor - Supply Chains & Data Visualisation",{"filename":569},"https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/512x512/14738033ec/matthew-bird.jpeg","Matthew writes, edits and produces content for Benchmark Intelligence and Benchmark Source across the whole mine to grid supply chain. He also acts as a liaison to the press. He has a PhD in electrochemistry from the University of Nottingham.","https://www.linkedin.com/in/birdmatthew/",{"type":573,"content":574},"doc",[575,591,628,633,638,647,654,659,664,672,677,682,687,692,697,702,707,712,717,722,727,732,740,745,750,755,768],{"type":576,"attrs":577,"content":578},"paragraph",{"textAlign":49},[579,582,589],{"text":580,"type":581},"The ","text",{"text":558,"type":581,"marks":583},[584],{"type":585,"attrs":586},"link",{"href":587,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":588},"https://source.benchmarkminerals.com/article/five-key-takeaways-from-giga-europe-2024","url",{"text":590,"type":581}," believes electric vehicles (EVs) imported from China are unfairly subsidised to an extent that reduces the competitiveness of automakers operating in the bloc, according to the first results of an ongoing anti-subsidy probe published in March this year.",{"type":576,"attrs":592,"content":593},{"textAlign":49},[594,596,602,604,610,612,618,620,626],{"text":595,"type":581},"In addition to subsidies, China is able to produce EVs so cheaply in part thanks to its ",{"text":597,"type":581,"marks":598},"strength in producing lithium ion battery cells",[599],{"type":585,"attrs":600},{"href":601,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":588},"https://source.benchmarkminerals.com/video/watch/chinas-ev-supply-chain-partnerships-prices-and-prospects-for-2024",{"text":603,"type":581}," at a ",{"text":605,"type":581,"marks":606},"lower cost",[607],{"type":585,"attrs":608},{"href":609,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":588},"https://source.benchmarkminerals.com/article/how-much-cheaper-are-chinese-lithium-ion-battery-cells",{"text":611,"type":581}," than the rest of the world. The country produced 85% of cells globally last year, according to ",{"text":613,"type":581,"marks":614},"Benchmark’s Lithium ion Battery Database",[615],{"type":585,"attrs":616},{"href":617,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":588},"https://www.benchmarkminerals.com/forecasts/lithium-ion-batteries/reports",{"text":619,"type":581},". Moreover, ",{"text":621,"type":581,"marks":622},"Benchmark calculates the price",[623],{"type":585,"attrs":624},{"href":625,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":588},"https://www.benchmarkminerals.com/price-assessments/lithium-ion-batteries/portal",{"text":627,"type":581}," of a prismatic nickel cobalt manganese 811 (NCM) cell produced in China to be $72.2 per kilowatt-hour compared to $88.5 in Europe. ",{"type":576,"attrs":629,"content":630},{"textAlign":49},[631],{"text":632,"type":581},"Last year, EU countries imported around 760,000 EVs from outside of the EU, according to Eurostat data via Global Trade Tracker, valued at over €20 billion ($22 billion). Around 60% of these vehicles originated in China.",{"type":576,"attrs":634,"content":635},{"textAlign":49},[636],{"text":637,"type":581},"“There is also a risk that an increasing number of Union producers will suffer from diminishing sales and reduced production levels if imports continue at the current increased levels at allegedly subsidised prices from [China],” the Commission said in a document released last month.",{"type":576,"attrs":639,"content":640},{"textAlign":49},[641],{"type":642,"attrs":643},"image",{"id":49,"alt":644,"src":645,"title":49,"source":49,"copyright":49,"meta_data":646},"The EU imported 9.7 billion euro EVs from China","https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/e0a12c2e25/bm-eu-imports-of-chinese-evs-1.png",{},{"type":648,"attrs":649,"content":651},"heading",{"level":650,"textAlign":49},4,[652],{"text":653,"type":581},"Where does China export its EVs?",{"type":576,"attrs":655,"content":656},{"textAlign":49},[657],{"text":658,"type":581},"China exported over 1.5 million electric passenger vehicles in 2023, according to Chinese trade statistics via Global Trade Tracker. Belgium was the largest recipient, taking 11% of the exports followed by Thailand and the UK with 10% and 8%, respectively.",{"type":576,"attrs":660,"content":661},{"textAlign":49},[662],{"text":663,"type":581},"Combined, EU countries accounted for 31% of China’s EV exports.",{"type":576,"attrs":665,"content":666},{"textAlign":49},[667],{"type":642,"attrs":668},{"id":49,"alt":669,"src":670,"title":49,"source":49,"copyright":49,"meta_data":671},"A third of China's EV exports are to the EU","https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/1d45ca98cf/bm-china-ev-exports-1316869e5b46.png",{},{"type":648,"attrs":673,"content":674},{"level":650,"textAlign":49},[675],{"text":676,"type":581},"What has the EU’s investigation found?",{"type":576,"attrs":678,"content":679},{"textAlign":49},[680],{"text":681,"type":581},"Between October 2023 and January 2024 imports of EVs from China into the EU were 14% higher than in the same period a year earlier, according to the investigation.",{"type":576,"attrs":683,"content":684},{"textAlign":49},[685],{"text":686,"type":581},"It also found that the monthly average number of EV imports from China was 11% higher between October 2023 and January 2024 than between October 2022 and September 2023, indicating that imports are accelerating.",{"type":576,"attrs":688,"content":689},{"textAlign":49},[690],{"text":691,"type":581},"The EU Commission says it has found “sufficient evidence” that EVs imported from China are being subsidised, keeping prices artificially low and distorting the market. This, it concludes, could cause “injury” to the market that is “difficult to repair.”",{"type":648,"attrs":693,"content":694},{"level":650,"textAlign":49},[695],{"text":696,"type":581},"What is the EU’s response?",{"type":576,"attrs":698,"content":699},{"textAlign":49},[700],{"text":701,"type":581},"The EU Commission launched the anti-subsidy probe in October last year. As a result of its findings so far, imports of EVs from China must be registered. This opens up the possibility of imposing additional tariffs on such imports which may be applied retroactively from March 2024.",{"type":576,"attrs":703,"content":704},{"textAlign":49},[705],{"text":706,"type":581},"Any tariff applied would be in addition to the 10% tariff the EU already imposes on EVs imported from non-free trade agreement (FTA) partner countries.",{"type":576,"attrs":708,"content":709},{"textAlign":49},[710],{"text":711,"type":581},"“It’s essential to keep in mind that some Western car manufacturers, like Tesla, BMW, and Renault, make EVs in China and could likely be hit by tariffs,” Bryan Bille, a policy analyst at Benchmark, said.",{"type":576,"attrs":713,"content":714},{"textAlign":49},[715],{"text":716,"type":581},"Research by the non-governmental organisation Transport & Environment suggests that although EVs made in China could represent a quarter of new EV sales in the EU, penetration of Chinese brands is expected to be around 11%.",{"type":648,"attrs":718,"content":719},{"level":650,"textAlign":49},[720],{"text":721,"type":581},"Do tariffs work?",{"type":576,"attrs":723,"content":724},{"textAlign":49},[725],{"text":726,"type":581},"The EU’s existing 10% tariff on EVs imported from China is significantly lower than the US’ 27.5% tariff.",{"type":576,"attrs":728,"content":729},{"textAlign":49},[730],{"text":731,"type":581},"This is a key reason that China exports far fewer EVs to the US than it does to the EU.",{"type":576,"attrs":733,"content":734},{"textAlign":49},[735],{"type":642,"attrs":736},{"id":49,"alt":737,"src":738,"title":49,"source":49,"copyright":49,"meta_data":739},"China exports fare more EVs to the EU than to the US","https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/24beb31652/bm-eu-vs-us-china-exports-2-131669234206.png",{},{"type":576,"attrs":741,"content":742},{"textAlign":49},[743],{"text":744,"type":581},"Increasing tariffs, however, will not necessarily solve the problem of cheap Chinese EVs out-competing domestic players as Chinese automakers can absorb the costs of tariffs as EVs are much cheaper to produce in China, according to Bille.",{"type":648,"attrs":746,"content":747},{"level":650,"textAlign":49},[748],{"text":749,"type":581},"What more can the EU do?",{"type":576,"attrs":751,"content":752},{"textAlign":49},[753],{"text":754,"type":581},"“It’s not only a question about raising the EV import tariff to the right level, making Chinese EVs more expensive and European EVs more competitive,” Bille said. “But it is also about channelling more public-private support to battery R&D and introducing stringent local content requirements to spur cutting edge local EV manufacturing in Europe.”",{"type":576,"attrs":756,"content":757},{"textAlign":49},[758,760,766],{"text":759,"type":581},"The EU has already made moves to increase the competitiveness of its EV and battery industry. The ",{"text":761,"type":581,"marks":762},"Critical Raw Materials Act",[763],{"type":585,"attrs":764},{"href":765,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":588},"https://source.benchmarkminerals.com/article/eu-increases-critical-mineral-recycling-targets-in-bid-to-increase-self-reliance",{"text":767,"type":581},", for example, sets benchmarks for what proportion of critical minerals used by the bloc should be mined, processed and recycled locally, though these are not legally binding.",{"type":576,"attrs":769,"content":770},{"textAlign":49},[771,773,779],{"text":772,"type":581},"“Current EU provisions lack teeth,” according to Bille, “especially ",{"text":774,"type":581,"marks":775},"compared to the US IRA",[776],{"type":585,"attrs":777},{"href":778,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":588},"https://source.benchmarkminerals.com/article/carrots-and-sticks-how-europe-can-improve-its-battery-value-chain-funding",{"text":780,"type":581},".”","The European Union believes electric vehicles (EVs) imported from China are unfairly subsidised to an extent that reduces the competitiveness of automakers operating in the bloc, according to the first results of an ongoing anti-subsidy probe published in March this year. In addition to subsidies, China is able to produce EVs so cheaply in part […]",[783],{"slug":564,"name":565,"content":784},{"job_title":567,"image":785,"bio":570,"linkedin":571},{"filename":569},"\u003C!--#storyblok#{\"name\": \"article\", \"space\": \"\", \"uid\": \"d2873e2e-a846-45f2-b098-f63f5b2a7c63\", \"id\": \"\"}-->","article",[789,792],{"slug":790,"name":791},"ev","EV",{"slug":793,"name":794},"geopolitics","Geopolitics","private",{"id":49,"alt":669,"name":797,"focus":797,"title":669,"source":797,"filename":798,"copyright":797,"fieldtype":799,"meta_data":800,"is_external_url":51},"","https://res.cloudinary.com/benchmarkminerals/images/f_auto,q_auto/v1712753433/www-production/China-EV-exports-no-y-2/China-EV-exports-no-y-2.png?_i=AA","asset",{"alt":669,"title":669,"source":797,"copyright":797},{"id":49,"alt":797,"name":797,"focus":797,"title":797,"source":797,"filename":802,"copyright":797,"fieldtype":799,"meta_data":803,"is_external_url":51},"https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/956e95aad2/bm-eu-china-flags-1.jpg",{"alt":797,"title":797,"source":797,"copyright":797},"Apr 10, 2024","10th April 2024",[],[],1783529648717]