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Mid-Nickel",103.5,99.73,3.78,13.78,6.78,[518,519,520,522,524,526,528,530,532,534,536,538],{"date":213,"value":512},{"date":216,"value":513},{"date":219,"value":521},99.19,{"date":222,"value":523},96.02,{"date":225,"value":525},98.23,{"date":467,"value":527},99.24,{"date":329,"value":529},101.29,{"date":339,"value":531},87.61,{"date":341,"value":533},92.44,{"date":344,"value":535},90.96,{"date":347,"value":537},92.24,{"date":350,"value":539},95.09,{"id":541,"uuid":542,"name":543,"slug":544,"full_slug":545,"content":546,"relatedArticles":743,"relatedVideos":744},112472161172534,"0353ec20-43a8-4b8c-99c8-5d441179cb48","OPINION: Europe is on a mission to secure critical minerals. Here’s three things it should do","opinion-europe-is-on-a-mission-to-secure-critical-minerals-heres-three-things-it-should-do","article/opinion-europe-is-on-a-mission-to-secure-critical-minerals-heres-three-things-it-should-do",{"_uid":547,"date":548,"tags":549,"editor":553,"content":563,"excerpt":715,"featured":51,"reporter":716,"_editable":720,"component":721,"seo_title":543,"categories":722,"visibility":735,"author_company":49,"featured_image":736,"seo_description":715,"author_full_name":49,"author_job_title":49,"formattedDate":741,"formattedArticleDate":742},"37a91d23-b843-4214-b341-d389ce1292bb","2022-11-30 00:00",[550],{"slug":551,"name":552},"opinion","Opinion",[554],{"slug":555,"name":556,"content":557},"didi-bostock","Didi Bostock",{"job_title":558,"image":559,"bio":561,"linkedin":562},"Editor - Energy Transition & Economics",{"filename":560},"https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/512x512/2c5ca5c1a3/didi-bostock.jpeg","Didi is the Energy Transition & Economics Editor at Benchmark, covering a broad range of markets across the energy transition. His remit spans from downstream sectors such as BESS and EVs, through to midstream such as new technologies and battery production, to upstream critical minerals mining. He also leads on financial analysis across these supply chains, alongside in-depth policy analysis.\n","https://www.linkedin.com/in/didi-bostock-656342198/",{"type":564,"content":565},"doc",[566,575,580,585,590,595,600,607,610,615,620,625,628,633,648,661,666,679,684,687,692,697,702,707],{"type":567,"attrs":568,"content":569},"paragraph",{"textAlign":49},[570,573],{"text":571,"type":572},"“Lithium and rare earths will soon be more important than oil and gas,”","text",{"text":574,"type":572},"EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said during her recent annual address to the European Parliament.",{"type":567,"attrs":576,"content":577},{"textAlign":49},[578],{"text":579,"type":572},"This marks a sea of change for Europe as just months ago its leaders were flying around the world to secure oil and gas. ",{"type":567,"attrs":581,"content":582},{"textAlign":49},[583],{"text":584,"type":572},"The twin priorities of a green and digital transformation of Europe relies on metals such as copper and lithium, not fossil fuels. Demand for critical materials is rising rapidly- at least 384 new mines for graphite, lithium, nickel and cobalt are required to meet electric vehicle and energy storage battery demand by 2035, according to Benchmark.",{"type":567,"attrs":586,"content":587},{"textAlign":49},[588],{"text":589,"type":572},"Europe is neither first nor alone in its scramble to secure critical metals. China began as far back as the 1980s and today refines 85% of rare earths found in electric cars and wind turbines, and 65% of all lithium found in batteries. Though, with little transparency, the labour and environmental conditions under which these metals are sourced are difficult to track. For example, China refines almost half of the world’s lithium supply, but only 10% of lithium converters produce a carbon footprint assessment compared to more than 40% of converters in the US.",{"type":567,"attrs":591,"content":592},{"textAlign":49},[593],{"text":594,"type":572},"Meanwhile, the Inflation Reduction Act is taking US industrial policy to a different level. Only electric cars with batteries and raw materials procured in North America or friendly countries will get tax credits. This has unleashed a wave of domestic investment – over $13 bln announced in less than three months – that will help to reduce world’s dependency on China and improve transparency. ",{"type":567,"attrs":596,"content":597},{"textAlign":49},[598],{"text":599,"type":572},"But Europe must not lag behind.",{"type":601,"attrs":602,"content":604},"heading",{"level":603,"textAlign":49},4,[605],{"text":606,"type":572},"Europe’s answer to Biden’s IRA",{"type":567,"attrs":608,"content":609},{"textAlign":49},[],{"type":567,"attrs":611,"content":612},{"textAlign":49},[613],{"text":614,"type":572},"The EU’s answer to the metal supply challenge is the new Critical Raw Materials Act. At its core, the law will create a list of strategic projects in processing, mining and recycling at home that would benefit from lean permitting and extra funding.",{"type":567,"attrs":616,"content":617},{"textAlign":49},[618],{"text":619,"type":572},"But mining has long been out of favor with European communities and civil society organisations which are concerned about the impact on water, land and people’s livelihoods. Unless something changes, we could expect a repeat of the protests that halted Rio Tinto’s planned Jadar lithium project in Serbia earlier this year.",{"type":601,"attrs":621,"content":622},{"level":603,"textAlign":49},[623],{"text":624,"type":572},"How to speed up new projects ",{"type":567,"attrs":626,"content":627},{"textAlign":49},[],{"type":567,"attrs":629,"content":630},{"textAlign":49},[631],{"text":632,"type":572},"For it to work, the new raw materials act must tackle the problems that are particular to Europe in its race to secure responsibly sourced raw materials. This European way should be based on three pillars.",{"type":567,"attrs":634,"content":635},{"textAlign":49},[636,638,646],{"text":637,"type":572},"First, European projects – whether a mine, a recycling plant or a refinery – must consistently meet the high standards they tout publicly. With extractive industries in decline for decades, some of Europe’s standards are outdated. Waste, for example, is one of the core challenges associated with mining, but Europe’s requirements around tailings management are ",{"text":639,"type":572,"marks":640},"behind those in Brazil, Ecuador and China",[641],{"type":642,"attrs":643},"link",{"href":644,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":645},"https://www.europarl.europa.eu/cmsdata/243324/Hearing%2002.12.2021%20testimony%20Emerman.pdf","url",{"text":647,"type":572},".",{"type":567,"attrs":649,"content":650},{"textAlign":49},[651,653,659],{"text":652,"type":572},"This means that scrapping or watering down environmental requirements to speed up permitting for strategic projects – as the renewables legislation ",{"text":654,"type":572,"marks":655},"has done",[656],{"type":642,"attrs":657},{"href":658,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":645},"https://www.ft.com/content/870d9b43-f4c1-4b8d-a1ec-384de654120c",{"text":660,"type":572}," – is a no go. It will only bring more protest. The outdated requirements should be updated.",{"type":567,"attrs":662,"content":663},{"textAlign":49},[664],{"text":665,"type":572},"The strategic project badge should be conditional upon consistent application of best practice in waste, water and pollution control, underpinned by engagement with and consent from local communities. Doing things right is the fastest way to get project approvals in Europe. ",{"type":567,"attrs":667,"content":668},{"textAlign":49},[669,671,677],{"text":670,"type":572},"Second, even if the end game must be urban mining, or recycling, Europe will rely on global imports for years to come. This means that transparent and diverse markets, underpinned by strong sustainability standards such as ",{"text":672,"type":572,"marks":673},"IRMA",[674],{"type":642,"attrs":675},{"href":676,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":645},"https://responsiblemining.net/",{"text":678,"type":572},", are key to guaranteeing responsible supply.",{"type":601,"attrs":680,"content":681},{"level":603,"textAlign":49},[682],{"text":683,"type":572},"The battery passport ",{"type":567,"attrs":685,"content":686},{"textAlign":49},[],{"type":567,"attrs":688,"content":689},{"textAlign":49},[690],{"text":691,"type":572},"Europe will soon require a “battery passport” that traces where and under what conditions battery minerals were produced, and will mandate requirements for batteries sold on the EU market, such as carbon footprints and percentage of recycled content in batteries. Europe should work with like-minded countries like the US, Japan and South Korea to turn this into a joint standard across some of the largest electric vehicle markets. This will bring the scale to change practices globally.",{"type":567,"attrs":693,"content":694},{"textAlign":49},[695],{"text":696,"type":572},"Creating a similar track and trace standard for all raw materials will take time. But the Critical Raw Materials Act can already require all suppliers to measure and report their carbon emissions. This will reward those who have invested in better technology, as well as recyclers.",{"type":567,"attrs":698,"content":699},{"textAlign":49},[700],{"text":701,"type":572},"Finally, someone should be responsible for making all this happen. Recognising the importance of nuclear fuel, Europe created the EURATOM agency in 1957. We need a critical metals authority in 2022. This should coordinate the 27 EU governments’ efforts, ensure high standards are met and oversee joint purchasing or stockpiling across the Union.  ",{"type":567,"attrs":703,"content":704},{"textAlign":49},[705],{"text":706,"type":572},"Europe can’t do it alone. Global markets, including China, will be needed for scale, innovation and competition. But we should not be naive. The Critical Raw Materials Act, if done right, can ensure resilient and sustainable supply for the green transition. It should also help improve the way in which we source metals and bring us closer to the responsible global supply chains we all want.",{"type":567,"attrs":708,"content":709},{"textAlign":49},[710],{"text":711,"type":572,"marks":712},"Julia Poliscanova is senior director at green transport group Transport & Environment. She is also on the board of directors of the Global Battery Alliance and is an advisor to the board of the Vulcan Energy Resources.",[713],{"type":714},"italic","“Lithium and rare earths will soon be more important than oil and gas,” EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said during her recent annual address to the European Parliament. This marks a sea of change for Europe as just months ago its leaders were flying around the world to secure oil and gas. 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