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next","saudi-arabia-enters-nickel-and-copper-mining-through-vale-deal-lithium-could-be-next","article/saudi-arabia-enters-nickel-and-copper-mining-through-vale-deal-lithium-could-be-next",{"_uid":547,"date":548,"tags":549,"editor":563,"content":573,"excerpt":736,"featured":51,"reporter":737,"_editable":741,"component":742,"seo_title":543,"categories":743,"visibility":748,"author_company":49,"featured_image":749,"seo_description":736,"author_full_name":49,"author_job_title":49,"formattedDate":754,"formattedArticleDate":755},"da2c987a-c8f8-4a8c-940e-f9e6f546767a","2023-08-02 00:00",[550,552,555,558,561],{"slug":551,"name":551},"aluminium",{"slug":553,"name":554},"brazil","Brazil",{"slug":556,"name":557},"middle-east","Middle East",{"slug":559,"name":560},"saudi-arabia","Saudi Arabia",{"slug":562,"name":562},"steel",[564],{"slug":565,"name":566,"content":567},"matthew-bird","Matthew Bird",{"job_title":568,"image":569,"bio":571,"linkedin":572},"Senior Editor - Supply Chains & Data Visualisation",{"filename":570},"https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/512x512/14738033ec/matthew-bird.jpeg","Matthew writes, edits and produces content for Benchmark Intelligence and Benchmark Source across the whole mine to grid supply chain. He also acts as a liaison to the press. He has a PhD in electrochemistry from the University of Nottingham.","https://www.linkedin.com/in/birdmatthew/",{"type":574,"content":575},"doc",[576,593,598,603,608,617,622,627,632,637,650,662,667,672,677,684,689,694,699,704,711,716,721,726,731],{"type":577,"attrs":578,"content":579},"paragraph",{"textAlign":49},[580,583,591],{"text":581,"type":582},"Saudi Arabia has struck a $3.5 billion deal with Brazilian miner Vale for 10% of its copper and ","text",{"text":584,"type":582,"marks":585},"nickel",[586],{"type":587,"attrs":588},"link",{"href":589,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":590},"https://www.benchmarkminerals.com/forecasts/nickel/reports/","url",{"text":592,"type":582}," base metals division, marking the oil power’s first entry into battery metals mining. ",{"type":577,"attrs":594,"content":595},{"textAlign":49},[596],{"text":597,"type":582},"The binding agreement involves Manara Minerals, a joint venture between the Saudi Arabian state mining company Ma’aden and the Saudi government’s sovereign wealth fund, the Public Investment Fund (PIF). ",{"type":577,"attrs":599,"content":600},{"textAlign":49},[601],{"text":602,"type":582},"“The decision from the PIF and Ma’aden highlights how key nickel will be for the energy transition. As our nickel demand forecasts show, we expect that by the late 2030s, lithium ion batteries will surpass stainless steel as the largest nickel demand segment,” said Benchmark analyst Will Talbot.",{"type":577,"attrs":604,"content":605},{"textAlign":49},[606],{"text":607,"type":582},"“Lithium will be next,” said Ahmed Mehdi, a consultant for Benchmark who has been actively involved in developing Saudi Arabia’s battery supply chain strategy over the past several years.",{"type":577,"attrs":609,"content":610},{"textAlign":49},[611],{"type":612,"attrs":613},"image",{"id":49,"alt":614,"src":615,"title":49,"source":49,"copyright":49,"meta_data":616},"","https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/8b71f94b40/bm-nickel-demand-by-sector-2.png",{},{"type":577,"attrs":618,"content":619},{"textAlign":49},[620],{"text":621,"type":582},"Saudi Arabia beat both Qatar Investment Authority and Japan’s Mitsui in the bidding process by paying a premium on the unit’s valuation, assuring Vale of its long-term interest in the project.",{"type":577,"attrs":623,"content":624},{"textAlign":49},[625],{"text":626,"type":582},"The deal supports Saudi and Vale’s respective strategies for capitalising on the renewable energy transition. ",{"type":577,"attrs":628,"content":629},{"textAlign":49},[630],{"text":631,"type":582},"For Saudi Arabia, entering the battery supply chain is a vehicle for diversifying its economy away from oil, part of a national economic strategy known as Vision 2030. ",{"type":577,"attrs":633,"content":634},{"textAlign":49},[635],{"text":636,"type":582},"Saudi Arabian investments have been moving steadily up the lithium ion supply chain, beginning with investments into EV manufacturing plants in 2018. ",{"type":577,"attrs":638,"content":639},{"textAlign":49},[640,642,648],{"text":641,"type":582},"2023 has seen several announcements for some of the earliest ",{"text":643,"type":582,"marks":644},"lithium processing and anode projects",[645],{"type":587,"attrs":646},{"href":647,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":590},"https://source.benchmarkminerals.com/article/from-oil-to-lithium-how-saudi-arabia-is-building-a-battery-supply-chain",{"text":649,"type":582}," in Saudi Arabia while PIF is right now conducting investment screening for non-controlling stakes in upstream lithium projects.",{"type":577,"attrs":651,"content":652},{"textAlign":49},[653,655,660],{"text":654,"type":582},"Demand for nickel for batteries is expected to increase five times from now until 2032 according to data from ",{"text":656,"type":582,"marks":657},"Benchmark’s Nickel Forecast",[658],{"type":587,"attrs":659},{"href":589,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":590},{"text":661,"type":582},". Vale’s divestment aims to grow its base metals division and enlarge its share of the new market. The miner could also acquire supply contracts to serve Saudi Arabia’s battery chemical processing facilities that are under development.",{"type":577,"attrs":663,"content":664},{"textAlign":49},[665],{"text":666,"type":582},"The new mining alliance also holds geoeconomic consequences. Vale is one of the world’s largest nickel producers and its Saudi partnership promises to unlock large volumes of non-Chinese owned battery metal resources, something that the EU and US lithium ion industries need to break their dependence on China’s supply chains. ",{"type":577,"attrs":668,"content":669},{"textAlign":49},[670],{"text":671,"type":582},"“Saudi’s foray into mining for the battery materials sector represents a new geopolitical chapter. Saudi financial muscle can match China, which was the early pioneer in snapping up overseas mining stakes,” said Mehdi.",{"type":577,"attrs":673,"content":674},{"textAlign":49},[675],{"text":676,"type":582},"Benchmark forecasts Vale will produce 177,000 tonnes of refined nickel (net) this year at various operations around the world including in Indonesia, Canada, and Brazil. ",{"type":678,"attrs":679,"content":681},"heading",{"level":680,"textAlign":49},4,[682],{"text":683,"type":582},"Saudi Arabia’s follows its aluminium model ",{"type":577,"attrs":685,"content":686},{"textAlign":49},[687],{"text":688,"type":582},"In joining forces with a large foreign entity to enter energy transition metals mining, Saudi Arabia is replicating an older strategy it used to build its home aluminium sector.",{"type":577,"attrs":690,"content":691},{"textAlign":49},[692],{"text":693,"type":582},"In 2009 Saudi Arabia’s state-run mining Company Ma’aden formed a $10.8 billion joint venture with US aluminium corporation Alcoa. This created Saudi Arabia’s largest integrated aluminium complex, which included a bauxite mine, refinery, smelter, and rolling mill. ",{"type":577,"attrs":695,"content":696},{"textAlign":49},[697],{"text":698,"type":582},"“Without Alcoa, there would be no aluminium industry in Saudi today,” Mehdi said.",{"type":577,"attrs":700,"content":701},{"textAlign":49},[702],{"text":703,"type":582},"Although Saudi Arabia’s bauxite reserves supported its aluminium ventures back in the 2000s, the country lacks its own energy transition metal deposits. The new Vale asset enables Saudi Arabia to plug its raw materials gap. ",{"type":577,"attrs":705,"content":706},{"textAlign":49},[707,709],{"text":708,"type":582},"That Manara Minerals Investment is a joint venture between Ma’aden and the Saudi sovereign wealth fund shows how Saudi Arabia is not just using its aluminum experience as a strategic template but also leveraging its legacy metal sector to gain a foothold in the lithium ion business. ",{"text":710,"type":582},"Saudi Arabia now plans to use Manara Minerals’ as an investment vehicle for overseas battery metals processing projects.. According to Mehdi, this will enable the country to pick up the expertise and investments needed to develop the Kingdom into a metals processing hub.  ",{"type":678,"attrs":712,"content":713},{"level":680,"textAlign":49},[714],{"text":715,"type":582},"Vale de-risks for the renewables transition",{"type":577,"attrs":717,"content":718},{"textAlign":49},[719],{"text":720,"type":582},"Vale is alive to the pressures and opportunities afforded by the low carbon economy and its base metals sell-off is designed to dampen the risks that  decarbonisation may pose to its current business model. ",{"type":577,"attrs":722,"content":723},{"textAlign":49},[724],{"text":725,"type":582},"Right now, Vale’s main revenue generator is iron ore but the company expects demand for its base metals will increase as the energy transition gathers pace. By separating off its copper and nickel unit, Vale wants to see its valuation grow to eventually match that of its iron ore section.",{"type":577,"attrs":727,"content":728},{"textAlign":49},[729],{"text":730,"type":582},"Already, the company has been increasing its exposure to the electric vehicle industry, signing long-term nickel supply agreements with General Motors, Northvolt and Tesla.",{"type":577,"attrs":732,"content":733},{"textAlign":49},[734],{"text":735,"type":582},"The new Saudi partnership also gives the company a chance to re-fit its all-important iron business by opening access to markets for low-carbon industrial metals via Saudi projects. Vale and Saudi Arabia have already signed agreements to develop ‘Mega Hubs’ in the Middle Eastern Kingdom to produce low-carbon iron and steel for local and seabourne markets. ","Saudi Arabia has struck a $3.5 billion deal with Brazilian miner Vale for 10% of its copper and nickel base metals division, marking the oil power’s first entry into battery metals mining. The binding agreement involves Manara Minerals, a joint venture between the Saudi Arabian state mining company Ma’aden and the Saudi government’s sovereign wealth […]",[738],{"slug":565,"name":566,"content":739},{"job_title":568,"image":740,"bio":571,"linkedin":572},{"filename":570},"\u003C!--#storyblok#{\"name\": \"article\", \"space\": \"\", \"uid\": \"da2c987a-c8f8-4a8c-940e-f9e6f546767a\", \"id\": \"\"}-->","article",[744,747],{"slug":745,"name":746},"geopolitics","Geopolitics",{"slug":584,"name":150},"private",{"id":49,"alt":750,"name":614,"focus":614,"title":750,"source":614,"filename":751,"copyright":614,"fieldtype":752,"meta_data":753,"is_external_url":51},"Image of Saudi Arabian capital Riyadh at night","https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/a69de3212a/bm-shutterstock-1224851173.jpg","asset",{"alt":750,"title":750,"source":614,"copyright":614},"Aug 02, 2023","2nd August 2023",[],[],1783958093049]