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Metals Company applies for deep sea mining license following Trump’s Executive Order","the-metals-company-applies-for-mining-license-following-trumps-executive-order","article/the-metals-company-applies-for-mining-license-following-trumps-executive-order",{"_uid":557,"date":558,"tags":559,"editor":578,"content":588,"excerpt":754,"featured":51,"reporter":755,"_editable":759,"component":760,"seo_title":553,"categories":761,"visibility":781,"author_company":49,"featured_image":782,"seo_description":754,"author_full_name":49,"author_job_title":49,"formattedDate":786,"formattedArticleDate":787},"99bc559d-c5bb-49c8-8b06-5078548e3fee","2025-04-29 00:00",[560,563,566,569,572,575],{"slug":561,"name":562},"deep-sea","Deep Sea",{"slug":564,"name":565},"impossible-metals-company","Impossible Metals Company",{"slug":567,"name":568},"the-metals-company","The Metals Company",{"slug":570,"name":571},"usa","USA",{"slug":573,"name":574},"policy","Policy",{"slug":576,"name":577},"esg","ESG",[579],{"slug":580,"name":581,"content":582},"matthew-bird","Matthew Bird",{"job_title":583,"image":584,"bio":586,"linkedin":587},"Senior Editor - Supply Chains & Data Visualisation",{"filename":585},"https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/512x512/14738033ec/matthew-bird.jpeg","Matthew writes, edits and produces content for Benchmark Intelligence and Benchmark Source across the whole mine to grid supply chain. He also acts as a liaison to the press. He has a PhD in electrochemistry from the University of Nottingham.","https://www.linkedin.com/in/birdmatthew/",{"type":589,"content":590},"doc",[591,608,613,618,625,630,651,663,676,681,686,691,696,701,706,711,716,721,726,731,744,749],{"type":592,"attrs":593,"content":594},"paragraph",{"textAlign":49},[595,598,606],{"text":596,"type":597},"The Metals Company has submitted an application to the US government to ","text",{"text":599,"type":597,"marks":600},"extract deep sea minerals",[601],{"type":602,"attrs":603},"link",{"href":604,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":605},"https://source.benchmarkminerals.com/article/international-deep-sea-extraction-negotiations-resume-heres-what-you-need-to-know?_branch_match_id=1544413199389813509&utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=share&_branch_referrer=H4sIAAAAAAAAA8soKSkottLXT0rNS87ITSzKzs3MSy1KzCnWSywo0MvJzMvWN3cxNswoMnGNCE6yrytKTUstKsrMS49PKsovL04tsnXOKMrPTQUAy%2B1Ft0gAAAA%3D","url",{"text":607,"type":597}," from the seabed in the Clarion Clipperton Zone (CCZ), a region in international waters.",{"type":592,"attrs":609,"content":610},{"textAlign":49},[611],{"text":612,"type":597},"The application was made by the Canada-based company’s US subsidiary TMC USA through the 1980 Deep Seabed Hard Mineral Resources Act (DSHMRA), a US law. The company also applied for two exploration licenses in the CCZ through the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).",{"type":592,"attrs":614,"content":615},{"textAlign":49},[616],{"text":617,"type":597},"This marks the first commercial exploitation license application for international waters, and follows President Trump’s Executive Order earlier in April which aims to accelerate permitting and develop partnerships with industry and allied countries in the deep sea mineral space.",{"type":619,"attrs":620,"content":622},"heading",{"level":621,"textAlign":49},4,[623],{"text":624,"type":597},"What role could deep sea minerals play in US critical mineral supply chains?",{"type":592,"attrs":626,"content":627},{"textAlign":49},[628],{"text":629,"type":597},"The deep sea contains substantial quantities of polymetallic nodules which contain key critical minerals for energy transition including cobalt, nickel, manganese, and copper.",{"type":592,"attrs":631,"content":632},{"textAlign":49},[633,635,641,643,649],{"text":634,"type":597},"If extracted by the US, they could contribute to US supply of these minerals. Benchmark analysis shows that even if all land-based mining operations planned in the US come online, the US is ",{"text":636,"type":597,"marks":637},"forecast",[638],{"type":602,"attrs":639},{"href":640,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":605},"https://www.benchmarkminerals.com/forecasts",{"text":642,"type":597}," to ",{"text":644,"type":597,"marks":645},"remain in a deficit",[646],{"type":602,"attrs":647},{"href":648,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":605},"https://source.benchmarkminerals.com/article/chart-can-the-us-meet-its-critical-mineral-needs-domestically?_branch_match_id=1544413211380094544&utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=share&_branch_referrer=H4sIAAAAAAAAA8soKSkottLXT0rNS87ITSzKzs3MSy1KzCnWSywo0MvJzMvWNw42cvYOLSw3C0qyrytKTUstKsrMS49PKsovL04tsnXOKMrPTQUAAEdk5kgAAAA%3D",{"text":650,"type":597}," for most of these minerals.",{"type":652,"attrs":653},"blok",{"id":654,"body":655},"cb482251-2fdc-4f77-9e16-8b64f772c688",[656],{"id":657,"_uid":658,"type":659,"_editable":660,"component":661,"fixed_height":662,"use_fixed_height":50,"fixed_height_mobile":662,"fixed_height_tablet":662},"22850702","i-fa8011ef-5c9f-434b-b4b0-147906081562","visualisation","\u003C!--#storyblok#{\"name\": \"ContentFlourish\", \"space\": \"\", \"uid\": \"i-fa8011ef-5c9f-434b-b4b0-147906081562\", \"id\": \"\"}-->","ContentFlourish","",{"type":592,"attrs":664,"content":665},{"textAlign":49},[666,668,674],{"text":667,"type":597},"Regardless of source, the US has fairly limited processing capabilities for most critical minerals. Previous",{"text":669,"type":597,"marks":670}," Executive Orders",[671],{"type":602,"attrs":672},{"href":673,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":605},"https://source.benchmarkminerals.com/article/trump-executive-order-to-accelerate-us-critical-mineral-push?_branch_match_id=1544413206620288801&utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=share&_branch_referrer=H4sIAAAAAAAAA8soKSkottLXT0rNS87ITSzKzs3MSy1KzCnWSywo0MvJzMvWTy4uiDAzN8o3DkqyrytKTUstKsrMS49PKsovL04tsnXOKMrPTQUAWldDL0gAAAA%3D",{"text":675,"type":597}," have targeted shifting policies and the reallocation of existing funds to support the development of domestic critical mineral processing.",{"type":592,"attrs":677,"content":678},{"textAlign":49},[679],{"text":680,"type":597},"The Metals Company states that its two exploration areas in the CCZ contain 1,635 million wet tonnes of polymetallic nodules, which the company says translates to 15.5 million tonnes of nickel, 12.8 million tonnes of copper, 2.0 million tonnes of cobalt, and 345 million tonnes of manganese.",{"type":592,"attrs":682,"content":683},{"textAlign":49},[684],{"text":685,"type":597},"Proponents of deep sea mineral extraction say such minerals will reduce the need for land-based mining and have some environmental advantages such as potentially lower carbon emissions per tonne of mined material.",{"type":592,"attrs":687,"content":688},{"textAlign":49},[689],{"text":690,"type":597},"However, opponents say there is a high risk of damaging deep sea ecosystems if deep sea extraction goes ahead without extensive further study of potential environmental harm.",{"type":592,"attrs":692,"content":693},{"textAlign":49},[694],{"text":695,"type":597},"Many automakers and more than 30 countries support a moratorium or a precautionary pause on the exploitation of deep sea minerals until more is known about the potential impacts on deep sea ecosystems. Notably these are primarily European automakers.",{"type":592,"attrs":697,"content":698},{"textAlign":49},[699],{"text":700,"type":597},"Ford, GM, and Tesla (all based in the US) have not signed onto the moratorium, though Ford has publicly stated it will avoid deep sea minerals in its supply chains.",{"type":619,"attrs":702,"content":703},{"level":621,"textAlign":49},[704],{"text":705,"type":597},"How does this fit with the International Seabed Authority?",{"type":592,"attrs":707,"content":708},{"textAlign":49},[709],{"text":710,"type":597},"The International Seabed Authority (ISA) was founded as part of the United National Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). The body  has repeatedly missed its own deadlines to reach a consensus over an international deep-sea extraction rulebook.",{"type":592,"attrs":712,"content":713},{"textAlign":49},[714],{"text":715,"type":597},"As the US did not ratify UNCLOS, it only holds observer status at the ISA rather than being a full member state.",{"type":592,"attrs":717,"content":718},{"textAlign":49},[719],{"text":720,"type":597},"This has left the US largely on the sidelines of discussions about deep sea mineral regulations. This is in contrast to China which is a member state of the ISA and has been actively driving such discussions.",{"type":592,"attrs":722,"content":723},{"textAlign":49},[724],{"text":725,"type":597},"However, Trump’s Executive Order outlined a possible route for companies to obtain a license to exploit Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction without needing to go through the ISA.",{"type":592,"attrs":727,"content":728},{"textAlign":49},[729],{"text":730,"type":597},"“Significant drivers behind this are US national and economic security, and reducing China’s grip on critical mineral supply chains,” said Bryan Bille, principal policy and geoeconomics analyst at Benchmark.",{"type":592,"attrs":732,"content":733},{"textAlign":49},[734,736,742],{"text":735,"type":597},"The Metals Company has been exploring the CCZ through International Seabed Authority (ISA) licenses ",{"text":737,"type":597,"marks":738},"sponsored by the island states of Nauru",[739],{"type":602,"attrs":740},{"href":741,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":605},"https://source.benchmarkminerals.com/article/clock-is-ticking-for-isa-as-deep-sea-extraction-rules-delayed-until-2025?_branch_match_id=1544413217992115074&utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=share&_branch_referrer=H4sIAAAAAAAAA8soKSkottLXT0rNS87ITSzKzs3MSy1KzCnWSywo0MvJzMvWN6%2F0MC1KM3eNCE6yrytKTUstKsrMS49PKsovL04tsnXOKMrPTQUAC55O0kgAAAA%3D",{"text":743,"type":597}," and Tonga. This application is an acceleration of the company’s previous plan to apply for a commercial extraction license through the ISA on 27 June.",{"type":592,"attrs":745,"content":746},{"textAlign":49},[747],{"text":748,"type":597},"“These new exploration and exploitation license areas overlap with TMC’s TOML and NORI ISA license areas, which could put it on a collision course with Tonga and Nauru,” said Luc Braun, an analyst at Benchmark.",{"type":592,"attrs":750,"content":751},{"textAlign":49},[752],{"text":753,"type":597},"Impossible Metals, a US-based deep sea technology developer and mining aspirant, earlier in April submitted a request to begin the leasing process to explore and potentially mine deep sea resources in domestic US waters off the coast of American Samoa via the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act 1953.","The Metals Company has submitted an application to the US government to extract deep sea minerals from the seabed in the Clarion Clipperton Zone (CCZ), a region in international waters. The application was made by the Canada-based company’s US subsidiary TMC USA through the 1980 Deep Seabed Hard Mineral Resources Act (DSHMRA), a US law. […]",[756],{"slug":580,"name":581,"content":757},{"job_title":583,"image":758,"bio":586,"linkedin":587},{"filename":585},"\u003C!--#storyblok#{\"name\": \"article\", \"space\": \"\", \"uid\": \"99bc559d-c5bb-49c8-8b06-5078548e3fee\", \"id\": \"\"}-->","article",[762,764,767,770,773,776,778],{"slug":763,"name":115},"cobalt",{"slug":765,"name":766},"copper","Copper",{"slug":768,"name":769},"critical-minerals","Critical Minerals",{"slug":771,"name":772},"geopolitics","Geopolitics",{"slug":774,"name":775},"manganese","Manganese",{"slug":777,"name":150},"nickel",{"slug":779,"name":780},"sustainability","Sustainability","private",{"id":49,"alt":662,"name":662,"focus":662,"title":662,"source":662,"filename":783,"copyright":662,"fieldtype":784,"meta_data":785,"is_external_url":51},"https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/1ba99ee740/bm-conveyor.jpg","asset",{"alt":662,"title":662,"source":662,"copyright":662},"Apr 29, 2025","29th April 2025",[],[],1792773888527]