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silicon anode scene gathers pace with Porsche-backed $400 million investment in Group14","us-silicon-anode-scene-gathers-pace-with-porsche-backed-400-million-investment-in-group14","article/us-silicon-anode-scene-gathers-pace-with-porsche-backed-400-million-investment-in-group14",{"_uid":557,"date":558,"tags":559,"editor":560,"content":570,"excerpt":689,"featured":51,"reporter":690,"_editable":694,"component":695,"seo_title":553,"categories":696,"visibility":708,"author_company":49,"featured_image":709,"seo_description":689,"author_full_name":49,"author_job_title":49,"formattedDate":714,"formattedArticleDate":715},"754f2019-b373-4365-a0b0-d3b03f3f9b72","2022-05-06 00:00",[],[561],{"slug":562,"name":563,"content":564},"matthew-bird","Matthew Bird",{"job_title":565,"image":566,"bio":568,"linkedin":569},"Senior Editor - Supply Chains & Data Visualisation",{"filename":567},"https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/512x512/14738033ec/matthew-bird.jpeg","Matthew writes, edits and produces content for Benchmark Intelligence and Benchmark Source across the whole mine to grid supply chain. He also acts as a liaison to the press. He has a PhD in electrochemistry from the University of Nottingham.","https://www.linkedin.com/in/birdmatthew/",{"type":571,"content":572},"doc",[573,580,585,590,595,600,605,610,615,620,627,642,647,652,659,664,669,674,679,684],{"type":574,"attrs":575,"content":576},"paragraph",{"textAlign":49},[577],{"text":578,"type":579},"Silicon anode material producer Group14 this week announced a $400 million raise, led by a $100 million investment from Porsche.","text",{"type":574,"attrs":581,"content":582},{"textAlign":49},[583],{"text":584,"type":579},"The investment will support Group14 to set up its third production facility. It currently has a small plant in Washington state, USA, with 120 tonnes capacity and a joint venture facility with SK Materials in South Korea due to be operational later this year. ",{"type":574,"attrs":586,"content":587},{"textAlign":49},[588],{"text":589,"type":579},"Group14 is one of several US startups developing silicon anode technology, which promises to improve lithium ion battery cell capacity. The US has less than 0.5% of global anode production capacity, however, compared with China’s 90% share, as assessed by Benchmark’s April Anode Market Assessment.",{"type":574,"attrs":591,"content":592},{"textAlign":49},[593],{"text":594,"type":579},"“As automakers pledge to electrify fleets, OEMs are turning to lithium-silicon technologies,” Group14 said. Lutz Meschke, deputy chairman of Porsche said of the investment, “we are investing in the development of new high-performance cells.” ",{"type":574,"attrs":596,"content":597},{"textAlign":49},[598],{"text":599,"type":579},"The company’s silicon anodes have also been backed by established battery supply chain players including China’s ATL as well as battery materials producers BASF and Showa Denko. ",{"type":574,"attrs":601,"content":602},{"textAlign":49},[603],{"text":604,"type":579},"“Theoretically, a pure silicon anode could easily give 5 times more capacity than the same weight graphite anode,” Rory McNulty, a Benchmark analyst says.",{"type":574,"attrs":606,"content":607},{"textAlign":49},[608],{"text":609,"type":579},"However, silicon particles can swell to 300 times their original size when charged, which leads to cracking of the anode. As such, only small amounts of silicon are added to some graphite anodes. Electric vehicle cells that use the technology typically add between 3% and 9% silicon to get some of the performance benefits.",{"type":574,"attrs":611,"content":612},{"textAlign":49},[613],{"text":614,"type":579},"“Pure silicon isn’t necessarily the end game,” McNulty says. “Even 10% silicon mixed into traditional graphite anodes could give more than double the anode capacity.”",{"type":574,"attrs":616,"content":617},{"textAlign":49},[618],{"text":619,"type":579},"Silicon anodes still lag behind synthetic and natural graphite materials which dominate the market. In 2022, Benchmark forecasts that silicon will make up only 1% of the anode market, but this is set to increase to 5% by 2030.",{"type":621,"attrs":622,"content":624},"heading",{"level":623,"textAlign":49},4,[625],{"text":626,"type":579},"The US silicon scene",{"type":574,"attrs":628,"content":629},{"textAlign":49},[630,632,640],{"text":631,"type":579},"The US is positioning itself as a centre of innovation in the silicon anode space. The US Department of Energy (DOE) this week opened a ",{"text":633,"type":579,"marks":634},"$100 million funding opportunity for commercial silicon anode projects",[635],{"type":636,"attrs":637},"link",{"href":638,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":639},"https://source.benchmarkminerals.com/article/us-battery-supply-chain-momentum-continues-with-department-of-energys-3-16-billion-funding","url",{"text":641,"type":579}," as part of its wider battery supply chain investments.",{"type":574,"attrs":643,"content":644},{"textAlign":49},[645],{"text":646,"type":579},"Several silicon anode producers are establishing operations in Washington state, attracted by its proximity to R&D centres and a relatively clean electricity grid, according to Robert Burrell, a Benchmark analyst. Over 60% of the state’s electricity comes from hydropower.",{"type":574,"attrs":648,"content":649},{"textAlign":49},[650],{"text":651,"type":579},"Group14 uses a porous structure to overcome some of the swelling issues, which allows it to load more silicon onto the carbon anode material. It already has a small plant in Washington and the funding from Porsche will help it establish a second in the region in Moses Lake. The company’s factory will coexist with a facility operated by REC Silicon who produces silane gas – a vital precursor for silicon-based anodes.",{"type":574,"attrs":653,"content":654},{"textAlign":49},[655,657],{"text":656,"type":579},"This week Sila Nanotechnologies announced it would site its first battery anode material factory in Moses Lake, Washington state. It",{"text":658,"type":579}," currently operates from its headquarters in California where it produces silicon-based anodes for use in wearables. The company, backed by Daimler, BMW, and Mercedes-Benz, says the facility will be operational in 2024 and will provide battery anode material for EVs.",{"type":574,"attrs":660,"content":661},{"textAlign":49},[662],{"text":663,"type":579},"OneD, a silicon startup whose technology allows up to 35% silicon in an anode, also has a production facility in Moses Lake, Washington.",{"type":574,"attrs":665,"content":666},{"textAlign":49},[667],{"text":668,"type":579},"In 2020, the DOE provided California’s Enovix a grant to develop its 100% silicon anode technology for electric vehicles. Currently, it produces cells using its anode technology for the wearables and portables market. Like Sila, its development strategy is to work up from wearables and portables to EVs.",{"type":621,"attrs":670,"content":671},{"level":623,"textAlign":49},[672],{"text":673,"type":579},"Competing with China",{"type":574,"attrs":675,"content":676},{"textAlign":49},[677],{"text":678,"type":579},"While US-based silicon anode startups have promising technology, the nameplate capacities of their facilities are dwarfed by Chinese operations. Benchmark’s Anode Forecast showed at the start of the year the US only had three silicon-anode production facilities operating with a total capacity of just over 1,000 tonnes per annum (tpa). China, however, had 26 facilities with a total capacity of over 260,000 tpa.",{"type":574,"attrs":680,"content":681},{"textAlign":49},[682],{"text":683,"type":579},"Burrell notes that many of the Chinese players are “very well established anode companies,” and so have the knowledge to “more easily open a production line for silicon.” The US on the other hand does not have many established anode producers which would be able to make this shift.",{"type":574,"attrs":685,"content":686},{"textAlign":49},[687],{"text":688,"type":579},"Put simply, if the US wants to compete with China in the silicon anode space, it needs to invest in more capacity, Burrell says. ","Silicon anode material producer Group14 this week announced a $400 million raise, led by a $100 million investment from Porsche. The investment will support Group14 to set up its third production facility. It currently has a small plant in Washington state, USA, with 120 tonnes capacity and a joint venture facility with SK Materials in […]",[691],{"slug":562,"name":563,"content":692},{"job_title":565,"image":693,"bio":568,"linkedin":569},{"filename":567},"\u003C!--#storyblok#{\"name\": \"article\", \"space\": \"\", \"uid\": \"754f2019-b373-4365-a0b0-d3b03f3f9b72\", \"id\": \"\"}-->","article",[697,699,702,705],{"slug":698,"name":265},"anode",{"slug":700,"name":701},"batteries","Batteries",{"slug":703,"name":704},"battery-technology","Battery Technology",{"slug":706,"name":707},"silicon-anode","Silicon Anode","private",{"id":49,"alt":710,"name":710,"focus":710,"title":710,"source":710,"filename":711,"copyright":710,"fieldtype":712,"meta_data":713,"is_external_url":51},"","https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/1eea4f624e/bm-istock-1200577714-1.jpg","asset",{"alt":710,"title":710,"source":710,"copyright":710},"May 06, 2022","6th May 2022",[],[],1790082838523]