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did COP28 mean for critical minerals? ","what-did-cop-28-mean-for-critical-minerals","article/what-did-cop-28-mean-for-critical-minerals",{"_uid":557,"date":558,"tags":559,"editor":560,"content":570,"excerpt":727,"featured":50,"reporter":728,"_editable":732,"component":733,"seo_title":553,"categories":734,"visibility":741,"author_company":49,"featured_image":742,"seo_description":727,"author_full_name":49,"author_job_title":49,"formattedDate":747,"formattedArticleDate":748},"ef485902-b8bf-4f45-bd4c-e69fa9533873","2023-12-27 00:00",[],[561],{"slug":562,"name":563,"content":564},"didi-bostock","Didi Bostock",{"job_title":565,"image":566,"bio":568,"linkedin":569},"Editor - Energy Transition & Economics",{"filename":567},"https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/512x512/2c5ca5c1a3/didi-bostock.jpeg","Didi is the Energy Transition & Economics Editor at Benchmark, covering a broad range of markets across the energy transition. His remit spans from downstream sectors such as BESS and EVs, through to midstream such as new technologies and battery production, to upstream critical minerals mining. He also leads on financial analysis across these supply chains, alongside in-depth policy analysis.\n","https://www.linkedin.com/in/didi-bostock-656342198/",{"type":571,"content":572},"doc",[573,580,595,600,605,618,625,630,635,647,652,657,662,667,678,683,694,707,712,717,722],{"type":574,"attrs":575,"content":576},"paragraph",{"textAlign":49},[577],{"text":578,"type":579},"This year’s COP28 set out a landmark agreement to “transition away” from fossil fuels by 2050. But with critical minerals and their supply chains set to be central to the energy transition, there is a growing need for them to be on the COP agenda. ","text",{"type":574,"attrs":581,"content":582},{"textAlign":49},[583,585,593],{"text":584,"type":579},"Since the Paris Climate Agreement at COP21 in 2015, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and pursue efforts to limit global warming to less than 1.5°C raw material production has scaled rapidly to meet battery demand. Benchmark data shows that production of critical minerals has increased rapidly, in the case of lithium by 433% since 2015, according to ",{"text":586,"type":579,"marks":587},"Benchmark’s Lithium Forecast",[588],{"type":589,"attrs":590},"link",{"href":591,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":592},"https://www.benchmarkminerals.com/forecasts/lithium/reports/","url",{"text":594,"type":579},". ",{"type":574,"attrs":596,"content":597},{"textAlign":49},[598],{"text":599,"type":579},"Recognising the importance of critical minerals to achieve “the final fight to keep 1.5 degrees alive”, UN Secretary-General António Guterres announced at COP28 the establishment of The Panel on Critical Energy Transition Minerals. ",{"type":574,"attrs":601,"content":602},{"textAlign":49},[603],{"text":604,"type":579},"Yet, little more clarity was given as part of this year’s agenda regarding how UN leaders view the roadmap of critical mineral production over the coming years.",{"type":574,"attrs":606,"content":607},{"textAlign":49},[608,610,616],{"text":609,"type":579},"Here, ",{"text":611,"type":579,"marks":612},"Benchmark’s Sustainability division",[613],{"type":589,"attrs":614},{"href":615,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":592},"https://www.benchmarkminerals.com/esg/",{"text":617,"type":579}," sets out the key critical mineral takeaways from COP28.",{"type":619,"attrs":620,"content":622},"heading",{"level":621,"textAlign":49},4,[623],{"text":624,"type":579},"Disbanding of the Task Force on Climate-related Disclosures ",{"type":574,"attrs":626,"content":627},{"textAlign":49},[628],{"text":629,"type":579},"COP28 saw the disbanding of the Task Force on Climate-related Disclosures (TCFD), after fulfilling its intended remit. The responsibilities for climate-related financial reporting monitoring now sits with the International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB) as part of the recently released International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) S1 and IFRS S2. ",{"type":574,"attrs":631,"content":632},{"textAlign":49},[633],{"text":634,"type":579},"Companies who report via TCFD, can continue to do so, and will be well placed to start working towards the IFRS S2 climate-related disclosures which TCFD now exists under. Those who currently have structured their reporting aligned with global ESG standards such as GRI and SASB will also have a head start when it comes to the transition, as the ISSB intends for its sustainability disclosure standards to streamline the reporting process for users. ",{"type":574,"attrs":636,"content":637},{"textAlign":49},[638,640,645],{"text":639,"type":579},"Currently, in the mining industry, GRI is the most common disclosure standard with those with an ESG report. There is, however, a large discrepancy across minerals with 75% of nickel miners and 70% of cobalt miners reporting through GRI, yet as low as 15% in flake graphite producers according to ",{"text":641,"type":579,"marks":642},"Benchmark’s ESG reports",[643],{"type":589,"attrs":644},{"href":615,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":592},{"text":646,"type":579},", demonstrating the need for the streamlining. ",{"type":574,"attrs":648,"content":649},{"textAlign":49},[650],{"text":651,"type":579},"The new ISSB standards have received strong backing from financial institutions, policymakers and G20 and G7 leaders with suggestions they will become mandatory disclosures in some jurisdictions. The first publishing of reports is expected to be in 2025 based on the 2024 financial year. ",{"type":619,"attrs":653,"content":654},{"level":621,"textAlign":49},[655],{"text":656,"type":579},"A just transition in reality ",{"type":574,"attrs":658,"content":659},{"textAlign":49},[660],{"text":661,"type":579},"“The extraction of critical minerals for the clean energy revolution — from wind farms to solar panels and battery manufacturing — must be done in a sustainable, fair and just way.” These were the words of António Guterres during his remarks to developing countries leaders.",{"type":574,"attrs":663,"content":664},{"textAlign":49},[665],{"text":666,"type":579},"The concept of a just transition as called for by Gueterres, and defined by the International Labour Organization as “greening the economy in a way that is as fair and inclusive as possible to everyone concerned, creating decent work opportunities and leaving no one behind,” is not new. It has however in recent years been linked with critical mineral mining due to the global nature of locations where mining takes place and the potential adverse impacts on indigenous communities, the environment, and workers’ rights. ",{"type":574,"attrs":668,"content":669},{"textAlign":49},[670,676],{"text":671,"type":579,"marks":672},"Benchmark’s Nickel Sustainability Index",[673],{"type":589,"attrs":674},{"href":675,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":592},"https://www.benchmarkminerals.com/esg/nickel/reports/",{"text":677,"type":579}," highlights that in 2023 two-thirds of global mined nickel supply has come from companies operating with moderate or limited ESG transparency. This lack of ESG transparency coupled with differing levels of regional risk of mining locations around the globe highlights the challenges of a just transition in reality. ",{"type":574,"attrs":679,"content":680},{"textAlign":49},[681],{"text":682,"type":579},"Central to a just transition is ensuring that the rights of indigenous communities are protected. Indigenous communities were a focus of a recent report from Oxfam, which analysed 43 companies mining metals for the lithium ion battery supply chain on their performance across issues related to human rights and gender justice. The report concluded that the sector’s approach to Free, Prior, and Informed Consent (FPIC) was not ready to support a just energy transition.. ",{"type":574,"attrs":684,"content":685},{"textAlign":49},[686,688,692],{"text":687,"type":579},"Across ",{"text":641,"type":579,"marks":689},[690],{"type":589,"attrs":691},{"href":615,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":592},{"text":693,"type":579}," on average 5% of developing miners have a FPIC policy in place. ",{"type":574,"attrs":695,"content":696},{"textAlign":49},[697,699,705],{"text":698,"type":579},"As the world continues to see increasing demand for critical minerals over the next decade, a scramble is set to unfold to exploit new resources as quickly as possible. An example of this is investment into ",{"text":700,"type":579,"marks":701},"African lithium projects especially from Chinese companies",[702],{"type":589,"attrs":703},{"href":704,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":592},"https://source.benchmarkminerals.com/article/china-set-to-dominate-african-lithium-production-this-decade",{"text":706,"type":579},". This investment into mining on the continent, which has an abundance of resources, presents an opportunity if managed correctly by all stakeholders to facilitate a just transition. ",{"type":574,"attrs":708,"content":709},{"textAlign":49},[710],{"text":711,"type":579},"Despite this opportunity, often countries lack the regulatory environment to implement robust ESG policies. Leaving them susceptible to corruption, human rights concerns and unsafe working conditions. ",{"type":619,"attrs":713,"content":714},{"level":621,"textAlign":49},[715],{"text":716,"type":579},"Looking ahead to COP29 ",{"type":574,"attrs":718,"content":719},{"textAlign":49},[720],{"text":721,"type":579},"Whilst the commitments to pivot away from fossil fuels made at COP28 and the call for a just transition in the extraction of critical minerals from António Guterres are welcomed, greater leadership to meet these commitments is needed.",{"type":574,"attrs":723,"content":724},{"textAlign":49},[725],{"text":726,"type":579},"The global south is set to have a major role in meeting critical raw material demand, but the foundations are not being put in place by stakeholders to do so in a “sustainable, fair, and just way.” A more concrete road map of the transition away from fossil fuels and how to protect those affected by critical mineral mining projects is needed at COP29, in Baku to truly ensure a just transition.","This year’s COP28 set out a landmark agreement to “transition away” from fossil fuels by 2050. But with critical minerals and their supply chains set to be central to the energy transition, there is a growing need for them to be on the COP agenda. Since the Paris Climate Agreement at COP21 in 2015, to […]",[729],{"slug":562,"name":563,"content":730},{"job_title":565,"image":731,"bio":568,"linkedin":569},{"filename":567},"\u003C!--#storyblok#{\"name\": \"article\", \"space\": \"\", \"uid\": \"ef485902-b8bf-4f45-bd4c-e69fa9533873\", \"id\": \"\"}-->","article",[735,738],{"slug":736,"name":737},"critical-minerals","Critical Minerals",{"slug":739,"name":740},"sustainability","Sustainability","private",{"id":49,"alt":743,"name":743,"focus":743,"title":743,"source":743,"filename":744,"copyright":743,"fieldtype":745,"meta_data":746,"is_external_url":51},"","https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/82e7fe24f9/bm-cop28.png","asset",{"alt":743,"title":743,"source":743,"copyright":743},"Dec 27, 2023","27th December 2023",[],[],1792773906668]