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role can sodium ion batteries play in energy storage? ","what-role-can-sodium-ion-batteries-play-in-energy-storage","article/what-role-can-sodium-ion-batteries-play-in-energy-storage",{"_uid":557,"date":558,"tags":559,"editor":566,"content":576,"excerpt":749,"featured":51,"reporter":750,"_editable":754,"component":755,"seo_title":553,"categories":756,"visibility":766,"author_company":49,"featured_image":767,"seo_description":749,"author_full_name":49,"author_job_title":49,"formattedDate":772,"formattedArticleDate":773},"2f22f1c2-edee-49b8-bfb7-d9bd9045cb04","2024-05-23 00:00",[560,563],{"slug":561,"name":562},"sodium-ion-2","Sodium ion",{"slug":564,"name":565},"sodium-ion-batteries","Sodium Ion Batteries",[567],{"slug":568,"name":569,"content":570},"didi-bostock","Didi Bostock",{"job_title":571,"image":572,"bio":574,"linkedin":575},"Editor - Energy Transition & Economics",{"filename":573},"https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/512x512/2c5ca5c1a3/didi-bostock.jpeg","Didi is the Energy Transition & Economics Editor at Benchmark, covering a broad range of markets across the energy transition. His remit spans from downstream sectors such as BESS and EVs, through to midstream such as new technologies and battery production, to upstream critical minerals mining. He also leads on financial analysis across these supply chains, alongside in-depth policy analysis.\n","https://www.linkedin.com/in/didi-bostock-656342198/",{"type":577,"content":578},"doc",[579,586,591,596,611,616,621,626,633,638,643,648,653,658,671,680,685,690,695,708,713,718,723,744],{"type":580,"attrs":581,"content":582},"paragraph",{"textAlign":49},[583],{"text":584,"type":585},"With demand for energy storage systems (ESS) set to triple this decade, sodium ion batteries have become one of the most promising next-generation battery chemistries for this sector. ","text",{"type":580,"attrs":587,"content":588},{"textAlign":49},[589],{"text":590,"type":585},"“The key performance criteria of batteries for ESS are cost, safety, and lifetime. Sodium ion batteries have the attributes to meet these key criteria, making ESS a key area of growth for sodium ion,” said Catherine Peake, an analyst at Benchmark.",{"type":580,"attrs":592,"content":593},{"textAlign":49},[594],{"text":595,"type":585},"However, despite these factors, the relatively small scale of sodium ion production and its immature supply chains means that it will likely complement lithium ion’s role in the ESS market rather than replace it. ",{"type":580,"attrs":597,"content":598},{"textAlign":49},[599,601,609],{"text":600,"type":585},"By 2030, 12% of demand for lithium ion batteries is expected to come from the ESS sector, according to ",{"text":602,"type":585,"marks":603},"Benchmark’s Lithium ion Battery Database",[604],{"type":605,"attrs":606},"link",{"href":607,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":608},"https://www.benchmarkminerals.com/forecasts/lithium-ion-batteries/reports/","url",{"text":610,"type":585},"; for sodium ion batteries, this figure is around 50%.",{"type":580,"attrs":612,"content":613},{"textAlign":49},[614],{"text":615,"type":585},"The remaining demand is expected to come from the electric vehicle (EV) market, as automakers’ interest in sodium ion batteries for some markets continues to increase.",{"type":580,"attrs":617,"content":618},{"textAlign":49},[619],{"text":620,"type":585},"“While the lower energy density of sodium ion batteries mean they are unlikely to replace the use of nickel cobalt manganese-based lithium ion batteries in the North American and European EV market, there is opportunity to penetrate the Chinese short range EV and micro-mobility markets,” said Peake.",{"type":580,"attrs":622,"content":623},{"textAlign":49},[624],{"text":625,"type":585},"Whereas EVs have driven the growth in lithium ion batteries, demand from the ESS sector will play a greater role in shaping the future of sodium ion batteries. ",{"type":627,"attrs":628,"content":630},"heading",{"level":629,"textAlign":49},4,[631],{"text":632,"type":585},"What are the advantages of using sodium ion batteries in ESS?",{"type":580,"attrs":634,"content":635},{"textAlign":49},[636],{"text":637,"type":585},"The main ESS-specific benefit of sodium ion batteries is that they have the potential to be both low cost and relatively safe, two of the primary performance criteria for the ESS market. ",{"type":580,"attrs":639,"content":640},{"textAlign":49},[641],{"text":642,"type":585},"“Unlike with electric vehicles (EVs), the lower energy density of sodium ion batteries compared to lithium ion batteries is not a significant disadvantage in the ESS market,” said Peake.",{"type":580,"attrs":644,"content":645},{"textAlign":49},[646],{"text":647,"type":585},"In the EV market, energy density is crucial in determining the range of the vehicle, as it determines how much power a battery can produce over a period of time. In pursuit of energy density, many automakers pursue high-nickel lithium ion batteries, especially in western markets. As ESS projects typically do not need to optimise for size or weight, energy density is less of a concern.",{"type":580,"attrs":649,"content":650},{"textAlign":49},[651],{"text":652,"type":585},"As with lithium iron phosphate batteries, sodium ion batteries do not contain cobalt. Additionally, they have a lower nickel content (none in some cases) and don’t contain lithium. Instead, sodium ion cells typically use sodium, iron, and manganese in the cathode, hard or soft carbon in the anode, and  aluminium as the current collector.",{"type":580,"attrs":654,"content":655},{"textAlign":49},[656],{"text":657,"type":585},"“The reduced reliance on geo-politically constrained supply chains such as lithium and cobalt is another significant advantage offered by sodium ion batteries,” said Peake.",{"type":580,"attrs":659,"content":660},{"textAlign":49},[661,663,669],{"text":662,"type":585},"Benchmark ",{"text":664,"type":585,"marks":665},"forecasts",[666],{"type":605,"attrs":667},{"href":668,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":608},"https://www.benchmarkminerals.com/forecasts/",{"text":670,"type":585}," lithium and cobalt face deficits by 2030. ",{"type":580,"attrs":672,"content":673},{"textAlign":49},[674],{"type":675,"attrs":676},"image",{"id":49,"alt":677,"src":678,"title":49,"source":49,"copyright":49,"meta_data":679},"","https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/k4Sf5V7GZH-uoRxqFfoam0ginaeyQgYHSGWuinp2i60e-JfMuZ9fW4il4YuFZ-MxFQ3lFMOn6F0CQ02jnDfTpmq-5kf9c1pTSFZAciXLH7oYcnZ6k2a2i1JC_6um6rWrvPCMxZx6gtbMEVmwjMxo5qQ",{},{"type":627,"attrs":681,"content":682},{"level":629,"textAlign":49},[683],{"text":684,"type":585},"What is driving sodium ion battery expansions?",{"type":580,"attrs":686,"content":687},{"textAlign":49},[688],{"text":689,"type":585},"Last week, first phase operations began at China’s first large-scale sodium ion battery energy storage project, a 10 megawatt hour (MWh) station in Guangxi, showing the growing interest in developing this technology for the ESS market. The project is expected to reach 100 MWh by 2025.",{"type":580,"attrs":691,"content":692},{"textAlign":49},[693],{"text":694,"type":585},"“Currently, the majority of sodium ion cell capacity is planned to target the energy storage market, however, a few recent partnerships have highlighted the demand for sodium cells within industrial EV applications,” said Evan Hartley, an analyst at Benchmark.",{"type":580,"attrs":696,"content":697},{"textAlign":49},[698,700,706],{"text":699,"type":585},"Of the 46 facilities in Benchmark’s ",{"text":701,"type":585,"marks":702},"Sodium ion Market Assessment",[703],{"type":605,"attrs":704},{"href":705,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":608},"https://www.benchmarkminerals.com/market-assessments/sodium-ion-batteries/battery-cell-capacities/",{"text":707,"type":585}," pipeline, 17 are operational, producing sodium ion batteries for different applications, with the remaining 29 under planning or construction.",{"type":627,"attrs":709,"content":710},{"level":629,"textAlign":49},[711],{"text":712,"type":585},"What economic factors are at play? ",{"type":580,"attrs":714,"content":715},{"textAlign":49},[716],{"text":717,"type":585},"“The opportunity for an economic advantage is the critical driver for sodium ion battery expansion, as demonstrated by the industry’s increased attention in the technology when lithium prices peaked in 2023,” according to Peake.",{"type":580,"attrs":719,"content":720},{"textAlign":49},[721],{"text":722,"type":585},"These advantages, however, rely on lithium prices staying at a certain threshold. ",{"type":580,"attrs":724,"content":725},{"textAlign":49},[726,728,734,736,742],{"text":727,"type":585},"When the price of battery-grade lithium carbonate falls below 150,000 RMB ($20,705) per tonne for an extended period, sodium ion batteries may lose their cost advantage according to ",{"text":729,"type":585,"marks":730},"Benchmark’s Sodium ion Batteries Special Report",[731],{"type":605,"attrs":732},{"href":733,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":608},"https://source.benchmarkminerals.com/downloads/special-issues/1317717",{"text":735,"type":585},". Currently, this figure is 109,082 RMB ($15,075) having fallen 55% in the past year, according to Benchmark’s ",{"text":737,"type":585,"marks":738},"Lithium prices portal",[739],{"type":605,"attrs":740},{"href":741,"uuid":49,"anchor":49,"target":49,"linktype":608},"https://www.benchmarkminerals.com/price-assessments/lithium/portal/?tab=table",{"text":743,"type":585},".",{"type":580,"attrs":745,"content":746},{"textAlign":49},[747],{"text":748,"type":585},"The economic benefit of sodium ion batteries is not only subject to lithium prices, but also the establishment of commercial-scale manufacturing facilities to reinforce supply chains and further reduce costs as was achieved with lithium ion production in the 2010s. ","With demand for energy storage systems (ESS) set to triple this decade, sodium ion batteries have become one of the most promising next-generation battery chemistries for this sector. “The key performance criteria of batteries for ESS are cost, safety, and lifetime. Sodium ion batteries have the attributes to meet these key criteria, making ESS a […]",[751],{"slug":568,"name":569,"content":752},{"job_title":571,"image":753,"bio":574,"linkedin":575},{"filename":573},"\u003C!--#storyblok#{\"name\": \"article\", \"space\": \"\", \"uid\": \"2f22f1c2-edee-49b8-bfb7-d9bd9045cb04\", \"id\": \"\"}-->","article",[757,760,763],{"slug":758,"name":759},"batteries","Batteries",{"slug":761,"name":762},"battery-technology","Battery Technology",{"slug":764,"name":765},"ess","ESS","private",{"id":49,"alt":768,"name":677,"focus":677,"title":768,"source":677,"filename":769,"copyright":677,"fieldtype":770,"meta_data":771,"is_external_url":51},"View of energy storage system from above, with solar panels in the background.","https://a.storyblok.com/f/287943243085208/c3f6f9d2ee/bm-energy-storage-systems.jpg","asset",{"alt":768,"title":768,"source":677,"copyright":677},"May 23, 2024","23rd May 2024",[],[],1792688574389]